Dougherty Donald M, Mathias Charles W, Marsh Dawn M, Jagar Ashley A
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Behav Res Methods. 2005 Feb;37(1):82-90. doi: 10.3758/bf03206401.
Previous research and theory have conceptualized impulsivity as a multifaceted construct that requires multiple modes of measurement for accurate assessment. This article describes a software package that includes four paradigms for measuring multiple and unique aspects of impulsivity. Specifically, four tasks are described: (1) the two choice impulsivity paradigm, (2) the single key impulsivity paradigm, (3) the GoStop impulsivity paradigm, and (4) the time paradigm. These tasks measure processes related to the capacity to tolerate delay for reward, to inhibit an already initiated response, and to estimate the passage of time. These processes have been found to be important to the understanding of impulsive behaviors. The programs are flexible and allow the experimenter to manipulate a number of parameters related to delay-reward contingencies, timing, performance feedback/payment, and data output variables. Manipulation of these parameters makes the paradigms scalable to a wide range of ability levels and appropriate for samples ranging from children to adults. The four paradigms in this software package are available at no cost and can be obtained by contacting the corresponding author.
先前的研究和理论已将冲动性概念化为一个多方面的结构，需要多种测量方式才能进行准确评估。本文介绍了一个软件包，其中包括用于测量冲动性多个独特方面的四种范式。具体而言，描述了四项任务：（1）双选冲动范式，（2）单键冲动范式，（3）GoStop冲动范式，以及（4）时间范式。这些任务测量与为获得奖励而容忍延迟的能力、抑制已启动反应的能力以及估计时间流逝相关的过程。已发现这些过程对于理解冲动行为很重要。这些程序具有灵活性，允许实验者操纵一些与延迟奖励意外情况、时间安排、绩效反馈/支付以及数据输出变量相关的参数。对这些参数的操纵使这些范式能够扩展到广泛的能力水平，适用于从儿童到成人的样本。此软件包中的四种范式可免费获取，可通过联系通讯作者获得。
