Schmitter-Edgecombe Maureen, Bales James W
Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, USA.
Brain Lang. 2005 Sep;94(3):331-46. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2005.01.007.
A think-aloud method was used to examine the content of information available to working memory during narrative comprehension in a CHI population. Twenty severe CHI participants (>1 year post-injury) and 20 controls talked aloud after they read each sentence of story narratives. Trabasso and Magliano's (1996a) verbal protocol analysis was then used to code for the production of inferential and non-inferential clauses and the memory operations that supported inferential clause production. We found that CHI and control groups produced a comparable number of clauses, that inferences dominated narrative comprehension, and that both groups produced more explanatory inferences than predictive or associative inferences. Despite these qualitative similarities, the CHI group demonstrated poorer comprehension, generated proportionately fewer inferences, relied less on retrieval as a memory source for explanatory inferences, and produced more non-inferential clauses and associative inferences.
采用出声思考法来研究脑损伤（CHI）人群在叙事理解过程中工作记忆可获取的信息内容。20名重度脑损伤参与者（受伤超过1年）和20名对照组人员在阅读故事叙述的每个句子后大声说出想法。随后采用特拉巴索和马利亚诺（1996a）的言语记录分析法，对推理和非推理从句的产生以及支持推理从句产生的记忆操作进行编码。我们发现，脑损伤组和对照组产生的从句数量相当，推理在叙事理解中占主导地位，且两组产生的解释性推理都多于预测性推理或关联性推理。尽管存在这些质性上的相似之处，但脑损伤组的理解能力较差，产生的推理数量相对较少，在解释性推理中较少依赖检索作为记忆来源，并且产生了更多的非推理从句和关联性推理。
