Jerlock Margaretha, Gaston-Johansson Fannie, Danielson Ella
Lecturer, Faculty of Health and Caring Science, Institute of Nursing, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
J Clin Nurs. 2005 Sep;14(8):956-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2005.01195.x.
The aim was to describe patients' experience of unexplained chest pain, and how the pain affected their everyday life.
Chest pain is one of the most common reasons for patients to consult the emergency department. Often no clear ischaemic heart disease or any other somatic explanation is found. Exploring the pain experience and how the pain affects everyday life may provide insights into the patients' perspective, fill the gaps in our knowledge about this condition and give needed direction for nursing practice.
The study sample (n = 19) included 11 men and eight women admitted to the emergency department. An open-ended unstructured interview was conducted with each patient and the data were analysed using content analysis.
The categories concerning pain include the informants' descriptions of several aspects of pain. These aspects are described in four categories and four subcategories: (i) pain location, (ii) pain duration with the subcategories 'periodic pain' and 'continuous pain', (iii) pain intensity, (iv) quality of pain with the subcategories 'sensory aspects' and 'affective aspects' . The content of pain experience in everyday life was divided into four subthemes and was further abstracted into a theme. Four subthemes, each comprising several meaning units, were created and labelled: (i) fear and anxiety, (ii) feeling of uncertainty, (iii) feeling of stress, and (iv) loss of strength. In these descriptions, it was obvious that chest pain considerably disturbed and affected the informants' lives and an overall theme 'intrusion into the everyday life world' emerged.
The results of this study show that unexplained chest pain intrudes into everyday life in a destructive manner that cannot be ignored.
Patients are not receiving optimal care to relieve their pain and there is therefore a need for specialized nurses who can give adequate help and support.
描述患者不明原因胸痛的经历，以及疼痛如何影响他们的日常生活。
胸痛是患者前往急诊科就诊的最常见原因之一。通常找不到明确的缺血性心脏病或任何其他躯体方面的解释。探究疼痛经历以及疼痛如何影响日常生活，可能有助于了解患者的观点，填补我们对这种疾病认识上的空白，并为护理实践提供必要的指导。
研究样本（n = 19）包括11名男性和8名女性，均为入住急诊科的患者。对每位患者进行了开放式非结构化访谈，并使用内容分析法对数据进行了分析。
关于疼痛的类别包括受访者对疼痛几个方面的描述。这些方面分为四类及四个子类别：（i）疼痛部位；（ii）疼痛持续时间，子类别为“周期性疼痛”和“持续性疼痛”；（iii）疼痛强度；（iv）疼痛性质，子类别为“感觉方面”和“情感方面”。日常生活中疼痛经历的内容分为四个子主题，并进一步提炼为一个主题。创建并标记了四个子主题，每个子主题包含几个意义单元：（i）恐惧和焦虑；（ii）不确定感；（iii）压力感；（iv）力量丧失感。在这些描述中，很明显胸痛极大地扰乱并影响了受访者的生活，一个总体主题“侵入日常生活世界”浮现出来。
本研究结果表明，不明原因的胸痛以一种不可忽视的破坏性方式侵入日常生活。
患者未得到缓解疼痛的最佳护理，因此需要专业护士提供充分的帮助和支持。
