Meijer Adam, Valette Martine, Manuguerra Jean-Claude, Pérez-Breña Pilar, Paget John, Brown Caroline, van der Velden Koos
European Influenza Surveillance Scheme Co-ordination Centre, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), 3500 BN Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J Clin Virol. 2005 Oct;34(2):87-96. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2005.02.005.
The increased need for accurate influenza laboratory surveillance data in the European Union required formalisation of the existing network of collaborating national influenza reference laboratories participating in the European Influenza Surveillance Scheme (EISS).
To establish a Community Network of Reference Laboratories for Human Influenza in Europe (CNRL).
Virologists in EISS defined the objective and tasks of the CNRL. Performance of the laboratories in the tasks was monitored by questionnaire-based inventories and quality control assessments (QCA). Subsequently, actions were defined to improve the performance of the CNRL.
The CNRL started in April 2003 and included as of May 2004 32 laboratories in 24 European countries. The objective is to provide high quality reference services for human influenza surveillance, early warning and pandemic preparedness in Europe. The defined basic tasks are direct detection, culture, typing, subtyping and strain characterisation of influenza virus, diagnostic influenza serology and storage of clinical specimens and virus isolates. The questionnaire-based inventories and QCAs revealed that the majority of CNRL laboratories perform well in most of the basic tasks, although improvements are needed in certain areas of virus testing. Therefore, task groups have been established to further improve the methods used in the network. The CNRL has proven its usefulness during the 2003-2004 season by the reporting of accurate data concerning the flu epidemic caused by A/Fujian/411/2002 (H3N2)-like viruses and by the rapid sharing of information, protocols and reagents during the A(H5N1) and A(H7N3) epizootics in Asia and Canada.
EISS has established a functioning Community Network of Reference Laboratories for Human Influenza in Europe and laid the foundation for further enhancement and collaborations. Important next steps include improving the laboratories to carry out all basic tasks and collaboration with the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.
欧盟对准确的流感实验室监测数据的需求增加，要求将参与欧洲流感监测计划（EISS）的现有国家流感参考实验室合作网络正规化。
建立欧洲人类流感参考实验室社区网络（CNRL）。
EISS的病毒学家确定了CNRL的目标和任务。通过基于问卷的清单和质量控制评估（QCA）来监测实验室在任务中的表现。随后，确定了提高CNRL绩效的行动。
CNRL于2003年4月启动，截至2004年5月，包括24个欧洲国家的32个实验室。其目标是为欧洲的人类流感监测、早期预警和大流行防范提供高质量的参考服务。确定的基本任务包括流感病毒的直接检测、培养、分型、亚型鉴定和毒株特征分析、诊断性流感血清学以及临床标本和病毒分离株的储存。基于问卷的清单和QCA显示，尽管在病毒检测的某些领域需要改进，但大多数CNRL实验室在大多数基本任务中表现良好。因此，已成立任务组以进一步改进网络中使用的方法。CNRL在2003 - 2004年流感季节期间已证明其有用性，它报告了有关由A/福建/411/2002（H3N2）样病毒引起的流感疫情的准确数据，并在亚洲和加拿大的A（H5N1）和A（H7N3）动物疫情期间迅速共享信息、方案和试剂。
EISS已建立了一个运作良好的欧洲人类流感参考实验室社区网络，并为进一步加强和合作奠定了基础。接下来的重要步骤包括改进实验室以执行所有基本任务以及与欧洲疾病预防控制中心合作。
