Imarengiaye C O
Department of Anaesthesiology, Obstetric Anaesthesia Unit, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, PMB 1111, Benin City Nigeria.
Niger Postgrad Med J. 2005 Sep;12(3):193-202.
Labour and delivery result in severe pain for most women. Attention to comfort and analgesia for women in labour is important for physiological reasons and out of compassion. A review of common methods of pain relief of labour was done. Inhalation method as well as intravenous administration of opioids for pain relief in labour is fast giving way to lumbar epidural analgesia. The use of local anaesthetic in labour offers superior pain relief, is effective and safe. The inhalation and parenteral routes seem reserved for patients with contraindication to insertion of epidural. The administration of high volume dilute concentration of local anaesthetic plus lipid soluble opioids, with some level of patient's control, appears to be the current trend in the management of labour pains. There is a body of evidence indicating that Nigerian women may want pain relief in labour. However, there is no organised labour analgesia service in Nigeria. An organised obstetric analgesia service can be developed within the limits of available manpower and technology in an emerging country like Nigeria. This article therefore, focuses on trends in obstetric analgesia and its implications on the development of organised obstetric analgesia services in Nigeria. Key words: obstetric analgesia, obstetric analgesia service, Nigeria.
分娩过程会给大多数女性带来剧痛。出于生理原因及同情心，关注分娩女性的舒适度和镇痛措施十分重要。本文对常见的分娩镇痛方法进行了综述。分娩镇痛时，吸入法以及静脉注射阿片类药物正迅速被腰段硬膜外镇痛所取代。分娩时使用局部麻醉剂能提供更优的镇痛效果，且有效、安全。吸入和肠胃外给药途径似乎仅用于硬膜外穿刺有禁忌证的患者。给予高容量稀释浓度的局部麻醉剂加脂溶性阿片类药物，并让患者有一定程度的自控，似乎是目前分娩疼痛管理的趋势。有大量证据表明尼日利亚女性可能希望在分娩时减轻疼痛。然而，尼日利亚并没有有组织的分娩镇痛服务。在像尼日利亚这样的新兴国家，可以在现有人力和技术范围内发展有组织的产科镇痛服务。因此，本文重点关注产科镇痛的趋势及其对尼日利亚有组织的产科镇痛服务发展的影响。关键词：产科镇痛、产科镇痛服务、尼日利亚
