Lansdowne Jennifer L, Kerr Carolyn L, Bouré Ludovic P, Pearce Simon G
Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Am J Vet Res. 2005 Aug;66(8):1324-9. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.1324.
To determine the relationship between epidural cranial migration and injectate volume of an isotonic solution containing dye in laterally recumbent foal cadavers and evaluate the cranial migration and dermatome analgesia of an epidural dye solution during conditions of laparoscopy in foals.
19 foal cadavers and 8 pony foals.
Foal cadavers received an epidural injection of dye solution (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, or 0.2 mL/kg) containing 1.2 mg of new methylene blue (NMB)/mL of saline (0.9% NaCl) solution. Length of the dye column and number of intervertebral spaces cranial and caudal to the injection site were measured. Anesthetized foals received an epidural injection of dye solution (0.2 mL/kg) containing saline solution or 2% mepivacaine. Foals were placed in a 100 head-down position, and pneumoperitoneum was induced. Dermatome analgesia was determined by use of a described electrical stimulus technique. Foals were euthanatized, and length of the dye column was measured.
Epidural cranial migration of dye solution in foal cadavers increased with increasing volume injected. No significant difference was found in epidural cranial migration of a dye solution (0.2 mL/kg) between anesthetized foals undergoing conditions of laparoscopy and foal cadavers in lateral recumbency. Further craniad migration of the dye column occurred than indicated by dermatome analgesia.
Epidural cranial migration increases with volume of injectate. On the basis of dermatome analgesia, an epidural injection of 2% mepivacaine (0.2 mL/kg) alone provides analgesia up to at least the caudal thoracic dermatome and could permit caudal laparoscopic surgical procedures in foals.
确定侧卧新生马驹尸体中含染料的等渗溶液的硬膜外颅向迁移与注射量之间的关系，并评估新生马驹腹腔镜检查时硬膜外染料溶液的颅向迁移和皮节镇痛效果。
19具新生马驹尸体和8匹新生小马。
给新生马驹尸体硬膜外注射含1.2 mg新亚甲蓝（NMB）/mL生理盐水（0.9% NaCl溶液）的染料溶液（0.05、0.1、0.15或0.2 mL/kg）。测量染料柱的长度以及注射部位头侧和尾侧的椎间隙数量。给麻醉后的新生马驹硬膜外注射含生理盐水溶液或2%甲哌卡因的染料溶液（0.2 mL/kg）。将新生马驹置于头低100°位并诱导气腹。使用所述电刺激技术确定皮节镇痛效果。对新生马驹实施安乐死并测量染料柱的长度。
新生马驹尸体中染料溶液的硬膜外颅向迁移随注射量增加而增加。在接受腹腔镜检查的麻醉新生马驹和侧卧的新生马驹尸体之间，染料溶液（0.2 mL/kg）的硬膜外颅向迁移未发现显著差异。染料柱向头侧的迁移比皮节镇痛所显示的更远。
硬膜外颅向迁移随注射量增加而增加。基于皮节镇痛效果，单独硬膜外注射2%甲哌卡因（0.2 mL/kg）至少可提供至胸尾皮节的镇痛效果，并可允许对新生马驹实施尾侧腹腔镜手术。
