Son Won-gyun, Kim Junyoung, Seo Jong-pil, Yoon Junghee, Choi Mincheol, Lee Lyon Y, Lee Inhyung
Department of Veterinary Surgery/Anesthesiology, and the Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2011 Sep;38(5):510-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2011.00643.x.
To examine the spread of solution in the epidural space of sternally recumbent dogs.
Prospective experimental trial. Animals Ten healthy adult Beagle dogs weighing 7.6 ± 1.1 kg.
Dogs were anaesthetized with total intravenous propofol infusion, and placed in sternal recumbency. A volume of 0.2 mL kg(-1) contrast medium (CM) containing 1% new methylene blue (MB) dye was administered into the lumbosacral epidural space. Left to right lateral radiographs using a horizontal beam were taken every 5 minutes for 45 minutes. The perpendicular height (PH) between floor of the epidural canal of the highest vertebra and that of lumbosacral spinal canal was measured on radiographs. The angle of slope from the injection point toward the highest vertebral floor was measured. Immediately after taking the last radiographic image, dogs were euthanized and a laminectomy was performed from the cervical to lumbar vertebrae for visual evaluation of MB spread. The spread of CM and of MB as counted in number of stained vertebra were compared, and each of these data sets were further compared to PH and angle, using linear regression analyses.
The PH and angle were (mean ± SD) 3.8 ± 0.8 cm and 14.8 ± 2.8° respectively. The most cranial spread of CM was at 12.7 ± 5.7 (range: C6-L3) vertebrae, and at 14.0 ± 5.4 (range: C6-L2) vertebrae for MB staining. There were no significant correlations between PH and spread of CM (R(2) = 0.08) or MB (R(2) = 0.13), between angle and spread of CM (R(2) = 0.05) or MB (R(2) = 0.02), respectively. CM and MB demonstrated proportional relationship (R(2) = 0.82, p < 0.001).
No significant inhibitory effect of upward slope on cranial epidural spread of the solution was observed. Other factors may have greater effect on epidural spread in sternally recumbent dogs.
研究溶液在仰卧位犬硬膜外腔的扩散情况。
前瞻性实验性试验。动物：10只健康成年比格犬，体重7.6±1.1千克。
采用全静脉输注丙泊酚对犬进行麻醉，并使其处于仰卧位。将0.2 mL/kg含1%新亚甲蓝（MB）染料的造影剂（CM）注入腰骶部硬膜外腔。每隔5分钟拍摄一次水平投照的从左至右的侧位X线片，共拍摄45分钟。在X线片上测量最高椎体硬膜外管底部与腰骶椎管底部之间的垂直高度（PH）。测量从注射点到最高椎体底部的倾斜角度。在拍摄最后一张X线片后立即对犬实施安乐死，并从颈椎至腰椎进行椎板切除术，以直观评估MB的扩散情况。比较CM和MB染色的椎体数量所反映的扩散情况，并使用线性回归分析将这些数据集分别与PH和角度进行进一步比较。
PH和角度分别为（平均值±标准差）3.8±0.8厘米和14.8±2.8°。CM最向头侧扩散至12.7±5.7（范围：C6-L3）个椎体，MB染色为14.0±5.4（范围：C6-L2）个椎体。PH与CM扩散（R² = 0.08）或MB扩散（R² = 0.13）之间，角度与CM扩散（R² = 0.05）或MB扩散（R² = 0.02）之间均无显著相关性。CM和MB呈比例关系（R² = 0.82，p < 0.001）。
未观察到向上倾斜对溶液在头侧硬膜外扩散有显著抑制作用。其他因素可能对仰卧位犬的硬膜外扩散有更大影响。
