Adewuya Abiodun O, Fatoye Femi O, Ola Bola A, Ijaodola Omowumi R, Ibigbami Stella-Maris O
Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Teaching Hospitals Complex, Wesley Guild Hospital, Ile-Ife, ILESA 233001, Osun State, Nigeria.
J Psychiatr Pract. 2005 Sep;11(5):353-8. doi: 10.1097/00131746-200509000-00009.
Studies from the Western culture have emphasized psychosocial risk factors for the development of postnatal depression (PND). In Africa, poor obstetrics practice and sociodemographic factors may contribute significantly to the risk of PND. The goal of this study was to examine sociodemographic and obstetric risk factors for postnatal depressive symptoms in a Nigerian community.
876 women recruited at 6 weeks postpartum from the postnatal and infant immunization clinics of 5 participating health centers were screened with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Sociodemographic and obstetric information were also obtained through a structured questionnaire.
The mean EPDS score was 5.66 (SD = 4.20). Depression was diagnosed in 128 (14.6 %) of the postpartum women. The predictors of PND include hospital admissions during the pregnancy (OR 3.95, CI 2.57-6.07), female sex of the baby (OR 2.74, CI 1.87-4.03), preterm delivery (OR 4.21, CI 2.78-6.39), instrumental delivery (OR 3.32, CI 1.79-6.16), Cesarean section (OR 3.58, CI 1.72-7.48), and being single (OR 3.44, CI 2.15-5.53).
Although the prevalence of PND symptoms seems to be the same across cultures, risk factors differ significantly. This study identified certain sociodemographic and obstetric risk factors for postnatal depressive symptoms in an underdeveloped community. These factors must be taken into consideration when planning intervention and preventive strategies for these women.
西方文化背景下的研究强调了产后抑郁症（PND）发生的心理社会风险因素。在非洲，不良的产科实践和社会人口学因素可能对PND风险有显著影响。本研究的目的是调查尼日利亚一个社区中产后抑郁症状的社会人口学和产科风险因素。
从5个参与研究的健康中心的产后和婴儿免疫诊所招募了876名产后6周的妇女，使用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）进行筛查。还通过结构化问卷获取了社会人口学和产科信息。
EPDS平均得分为5.66（标准差=4.20）。128名（14.6%）产后妇女被诊断为抑郁症。PND的预测因素包括孕期住院（比值比3.95，可信区间2.57 - 6.07）、婴儿为女性（比值比2.74，可信区间1.87 - 4.03）、早产（比值比4.21，可信区间2.78 - 6.39）、器械助产（比值比3.32，可信区间1.79 - 6.16）、剖宫产（比值比3.58，可信区间1.72 - 7.48）以及单身（比值比3.44，可信区间2.15 - 5.53）。
尽管PND症状的患病率在不同文化中似乎相同，但风险因素存在显著差异。本研究确定了一个不发达社区中产后抑郁症状的某些社会人口学和产科风险因素。在为这些妇女制定干预和预防策略时，必须考虑这些因素。
