Kim Hyun K, Rattner David W, Srinivasan Mandayam A
The Touch Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Comput Aided Surg. 2004;9(5):227-34. doi: 10.3109/10929080500066997.
Although there have been significant advances in the development of virtual-reality-based surgical simulations, there remain fundamental questions concerning the fidelity required for effective surgical training. A dual-station experimental platform was built for the purpose of investigating these fidelity requirements. Analogous laparoscopic surgical tasks were implemented on a virtual station and a real station, with the virtual station modeling the real environment with various degrees of fidelity. After measuring the subjects' initial performance on the real station, different groups of subjects were trained on the virtual station under a variety of conditions and finally tested on the real station. Experiments involved bimanual pushing and cutting tasks on a nonlinear elastic object. The results showed that force feedback results in significantly improved training transfer as compared to training without force feedback. The training effectiveness of a linear approximation model was approximately the same as that of a more accurate nonlinear model.
尽管基于虚拟现实的手术模拟技术已经取得了重大进展，但对于有效的手术训练所需的逼真度仍存在一些基本问题。为了研究这些逼真度要求，构建了一个双站实验平台。在虚拟站和真实站上执行了类似的腹腔镜手术任务，虚拟站以不同程度的逼真度对真实环境进行建模。在测量了受试者在真实站上的初始表现后，不同组的受试者在各种条件下在虚拟站上进行训练，最后在真实站上进行测试。实验涉及在非线性弹性物体上进行双手推和切割任务。结果表明，与没有力反馈的训练相比，力反馈显著提高了训练迁移效果。线性近似模型的训练效果与更精确的非线性模型大致相同。
