Loge Frank J, Arkoosh Mary R, Ginn Timothy R, Johnson Lyndal L, Collier Tracy K
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Environ Sci Technol. 2005 Sep 15;39(18):7329-36. doi: 10.1021/es0481934.
Infectious disease within outmigrant juvenile salmon in the Columbia River Basin is modulated, in part, by abiotic stressors that influence host-susceptibility. Through the application of a dose-structured population dynamic model, we show that chemical (both in the river and in the estuary) and in-river (e.g., dams and/or predation) stressors influence host-susceptibility, increasing the mean force of infection (defined as the per capita acquisition rate of infection) by a factor of 2.2 and 1.6, respectively. Using Listonella anguillarum as a model pathogen, nonchemical in-river and chemical stressors contribute equally to a cumulative incidence of delayed disease-induced mortalities in Chinook salmon that range from 3% to 18% for estuary residence times of 30-120 days, respectively. Mitigation of environmental stressors that increase host-susceptibility could represent a significant component in future management strategies to recover listed stocks.
哥伦比亚河流域洄游幼鲑体内的传染病，部分受到影响宿主易感性的非生物应激源的调节。通过应用剂量结构种群动态模型，我们发现化学应激源（河流和河口的）以及河流中的应激源（如大坝和/或捕食）会影响宿主易感性，分别使平均感染力（定义为人均感染获得率）提高2.2倍和1.6倍。以鳗弧菌作为模型病原体，河流中的非化学应激源和化学应激源对奇努克鲑延迟疾病诱导死亡率的累积发病率贡献相同，河口停留时间为30 - 120天时，累积发病率分别为3%至18%。减轻增加宿主易感性的环境应激源可能是未来恢复列入名录种群管理策略的重要组成部分。
