Flach J M, Hagen B A, Larish J F
Institute of Aviation, University of Illinois, Urbana.
Percept Psychophys. 1992 Jun;51(6):557-68. doi: 10.3758/bf03211653.
Two empirical studies are reported that examine active regulation of altitude as a function of the type of ground texture. Three ground textures were examined: lines perpendicular to the direction of motion, lines parallel to the direction of motion, and the combination (i.e., square or checkerboard texture). Although subjects only controlled altitude, disturbances were introduced on three axes: vertical, lateral, and fore-aft. The results show a clear advantage for texture parallel to the direction of motion. However, in considering these results in the context of previous research on altitude control, the argument is made that there is no compelling evidence that suggests either parallel (splay) or perpendicular (density) texture is privileged with regard to altitude control. Rather, the most effective display for altitude control will be the one that best isolates the optical activity associated with changing altitude from the optical activity arising from other sources of disturbance (such as forward locomotion). Such a display will make it easier for the observer to distinguish and respond specifically to the disturbances of altitude.
本文报告了两项实证研究，这些研究考察了作为地面纹理类型函数的海拔高度的主动调节。研究了三种地面纹理：垂直于运动方向的线条、平行于运动方向的线条以及两者的组合（即方形或棋盘纹理）。尽管受试者仅控制海拔高度，但在三个轴向上引入了干扰：垂直、横向和前后。结果表明，平行于运动方向的纹理具有明显优势。然而，在将这些结果置于先前关于海拔控制的研究背景下进行考量时，有人认为，没有确凿证据表明平行（展开）或垂直（密度）纹理在海拔控制方面具有特权。相反，对于海拔控制而言，最有效的显示将是能最佳地将与海拔变化相关的光学活动与其他干扰源（如向前移动）产生的光学活动隔离开来的显示。这样的显示将使观察者更容易区分并专门应对海拔高度的干扰。
