Johnson W W, Tsang P S, Bennett C T, Phatak A V
NASA/Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1989 Feb;60(2):152-6.
Simulated "flights" over three different ground textures were used to examine people's ability to extract optical information useful for active regulation of altitude. The textures were regularly spaced lines as follows: 1) orthogonal to the direction of flight (latitude texture); 2) parallel to the direction of flight (meridian texture); and 3) both parallel and orthogonal (square texture). Visual constant velocity forward flight simulations were displayed on a CRT screen, and subjects asked to maintain one of three initial altitudes using a rate control stick. This task was made difficult by the presence of lateral (irrelevant) and vertical (relevant) "wind gusts." The attitude never varied as winds, forward speed, and vertical rate control resulted in only translational movements. Adjusted root mean square errors (ARMSE) showed altitude regulation was more difficult at higher altitudes and when flying over meridian textures. Refined analysis of a single subject's data showed that this was due both to poorer regulation of the vertical wind disturbance and to a tendency to confuse the lateral wind disturbance for a vertical disturbance.
通过在三种不同地面纹理上进行模拟“飞行”，来研究人们提取对主动调节高度有用的光学信息的能力。这些纹理是规则间隔的线条，如下所示：1）与飞行方向正交（纬度纹理）；2）与飞行方向平行（子午线纹理）；3）既平行又正交（方形纹理）。视觉恒速向前飞行模拟显示在阴极射线管屏幕上，受试者被要求使用速率控制杆保持三个初始高度之一。由于存在横向（无关）和垂直（相关）“阵风”，这项任务变得困难。由于风、前进速度和垂直速率控制仅导致平移运动，姿态从未改变。调整后的均方根误差（ARMSE）表明，在较高高度以及飞越子午线纹理时，高度调节更加困难。对单个受试者数据的精细分析表明，这既是由于对垂直风干扰的调节较差，也是由于倾向于将横向风干扰误认为是垂直干扰。
