Hillbur Ylva, Celander Malin, Baur Robert, Rauscher Stefan, Haftmann Jenny, Franke Stephan, Francke Wittko
Department of Crop Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden.
J Chem Ecol. 2005 Aug;31(8):1807-28. doi: 10.1007/s10886-005-5928-3.
Coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection analyses of ovipositor extracts of calling Contarinia nasturtii females revealed two compounds that elicited responses from antennae of male midges. Using synthetic reference samples, these components were identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry and enantioselective GC as (2S,9S)-diacetoxyundecane and (2S,10S)-diacetoxyundecane. In addition, trace amounts of 2-acetoxyundecane were found in ovipositor extracts, and the (S)-enantiomer was synthesized. When tested in the wind tunnel, a blend of 5 ng (2S,9S)-diacetoxyundecane and 10 ng (2S,10S)-diacetoxyundecane (mimicking the ratio found in the extracts) did not attract any of the males tested, but when 0.1 ng (S)-2-acetoxyundecane was added to the blend, 86.8% of the males were attracted to the bait. Three-component blends with lower or higher relative concentrations than 1% of (S)-2-acetoxyundecane [relative to (2S,10S)-diacetoxyundecane] were less attractive. In a field trapping experiment with released laboratory-reared C. nasturtii adults, traps baited with 500:1000:10 ng of (2S,9S)-diacetoxyundecane/(2S,10S)-diacetoxyundecane/(S)-2-acetoxyundecane applied to rubber septa or dental cotton rolls were tested. Traps without dispensers were used as controls. All three treatments were tested at 20 and 50 cm above ground. The estimated recapture rate was 30-50%, and 81.9% of the recaptured males were caught in traps positioned at 20 cm above ground, and 88.4% in traps with dental cotton rolls as dispensers.
对正在鸣叫的水芹瘿蚊雌性产卵器提取物进行气相色谱 - 触角电位检测联用分析，发现有两种化合物能引起雄性蠓虫触角的反应。通过使用合成参考样品，利用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪和对映体选择性气相色谱法将这些成分鉴定为(2S,9S)-二乙酰氧基十一烷和(2S,10S)-二乙酰氧基十一烷。此外，在产卵器提取物中发现了痕量的2-乙酰氧基十一烷，并合成了其(S)-对映体。在风洞中进行测试时，5 ng的(2S,9S)-二乙酰氧基十一烷与10 ng的(2S,10S)-二乙酰氧基十一烷的混合物（模拟提取物中的比例）并未吸引任何测试的雄性，但当向该混合物中添加0.1 ng的(S)-2-乙酰氧基十一烷时，86.8%的雄性被诱饵吸引。相对于(2S,10S)-二乙酰氧基十一烷，(S)-2-乙酰氧基十一烷相对浓度低于或高于1%的三元混合物吸引力较小。在一项针对实验室饲养的水芹瘿蚊成虫进行的田间诱捕实验中，测试了用500:1000:10 ng的(2S,9S)-二乙酰氧基十一烷/(2S,10S)-二乙酰氧基十一烷/(S)-2-乙酰氧基十一烷涂覆在橡胶隔片或牙科棉卷上作为诱饵的诱捕器。未使用诱饵分配器的诱捕器用作对照。所有三种处理在离地面20厘米和50厘米处进行测试。估计的重捕率为30 - 50%，重捕的雄性中有81.9%被捕获在离地面20厘米处的诱捕器中，88.4%在使用牙科棉卷作为诱饵分配器的诱捕器中。
