Corrales-Yauckoes Kattia M, Higgins Laurie A
Pediatric and Adolescent Section, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Pediatr Ann. 2005 Sep;34(9):701-9. doi: 10.3928/0090-4481-20050901-10.
In light of the strong association between excess weight and type 2 diabetes, the nutritional management of the child with type 2 diabetes often focuses on changing dietary and physical activity habits to normalize weight, instill long-term healthy habits, and provide glycemic control. A multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of childhood obesity should include the child's family and caregivers to be most effective. Weight goals in children should be based on the age of the child, the extent of overweight, and the presence of complications. Likewise, physical activity is an important component of treatment and should be titrated to the child's age, ability and overweight status. Efforts to avoid the development of obesity, and potentially type 2 diabetes, should be started early in the child's life. Education and fostering a healthy lifestyle during childhood is the best defense to slow down or reverse the obesity epidemic in our society that is now affecting even the youngest of children, setting them up for potentially life-threatening diseases in the future.
鉴于超重与2型糖尿病之间存在紧密关联，2型糖尿病患儿的营养管理通常侧重于改变饮食和身体活动习惯，以实现体重正常化、养成长期健康习惯并控制血糖。治疗儿童肥胖症的多学科方法应包括儿童的家庭和照顾者，这样才能最有效。儿童的体重目标应基于其年龄、超重程度以及是否存在并发症。同样，身体活动是治疗的重要组成部分，应根据儿童的年龄、能力和超重状况进行调整。应在儿童生命早期就努力避免肥胖以及可能的2型糖尿病的发生。在儿童时期进行教育并培养健康的生活方式，是减缓或扭转当前在我们社会中甚至影响到最小儿童的肥胖流行趋势的最佳防御措施，可避免他们未来患上可能危及生命的疾病。
