Rabbitt Aifric, Coyne Imelda
King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK.
Br J Nurs. 2012;21(12):731-5. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2012.21.12.731.
Obesity is a significant long-term health problem that is common among children and adolescents in Western countries. Being overweight or obese (extremely overweight) can contribute to type 2 diabetes in childhood and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Primary prevention of obesity prevents the development of serious secondary complications in adulthood. Nurses can help parents and children by providing nutritional advice and, through weight management programmes, offer strategies for decreasing caloric intake and increasing physical activity. Nurses' actions should always take a whole-family approach because it is challenging for obese children to alter their dietary or physical habits if not supported by their families. Nurses should work with all members of the multidisciplinary team in addressing childhood obesity as it is a major health issue with long-term mobidities.
肥胖是一个严重的长期健康问题，在西方国家的儿童和青少年中很常见。超重或肥胖（极度超重）会导致儿童患2型糖尿病，并增加成年后患心血管疾病的风险。肥胖的一级预防可防止成年后出现严重的继发性并发症。护士可以通过提供营养建议来帮助家长和孩子，并通过体重管理计划，提供减少热量摄入和增加身体活动的策略。护士的行动应始终采取全家庭的方法，因为如果得不到家人的支持，肥胖儿童很难改变他们的饮食习惯或身体习惯。护士应与多学科团队的所有成员合作，解决儿童肥胖问题，因为这是一个会导致长期发病率的重大健康问题。
