Sayes Christie M, Liang Feng, Hudson Jared L, Mendez Joe, Guo Wenhua, Beach Jonathan M, Moore Valerie C, Doyle Condell D, West Jennifer L, Billups W Edward, Ausman Kevin D, Colvin Vicki L
Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 1900 Rice Blvd., MS-60, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
Toxicol Lett. 2006 Feb 20;161(2):135-42. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.08.011. Epub 2005 Oct 17.
The cytotoxic response of cells in culture is dependant on the degree of functionalization of the single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT). After characterizing a set of water-dispersible SWNTs, we performed in vitro cytotoxicity screens on cultured human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). The SWNT samples used in this exposure include SWNT-phenyl-SO(3)H and SWNT-phenyl-SO(3)Na (six samples with carbon/-phenyl-SO(3)X ratios of 18, 41, and 80), SWNT-phenyl-(COOH)(2) (one sample with carbon/-phenyl-(COOH)(2) ratio of 23), and underivatized SWNT stabilized in 1% Pluronic F108. We have found that as the degree of sidewall functionalization increases, the SWNT sample becomes less cytotoxic. Further, sidewall functionalized SWNT samples are substantially less cytotoxic than surfactant stabilized SWNTs. Even though cell death did not exceed 50% for cells dosed with sidewall functionalized SWNTs, optical and atomic force microscopies show direct contact between cellular membranes and water-dispersible SWNTs; i.e. the SWNTs in aqueous suspension precipitate out and selectively deposit on the membrane.
培养细胞的细胞毒性反应取决于单壁碳纳米管（SWNT）的功能化程度。在对一组水分散性单壁碳纳米管进行表征后，我们对培养的人皮肤成纤维细胞（HDF）进行了体外细胞毒性筛选。此次实验中使用的单壁碳纳米管样品包括SWNT-苯基-SO(3)H和SWNT-苯基-SO(3)Na（六个碳/-苯基-SO(3)X比例分别为18、41和80的样品）、SWNT-苯基-(COOH)(2)（一个碳/-苯基-(COOH)(2)比例为23的样品），以及在1%普朗尼克F108中稳定的未衍生化单壁碳纳米管。我们发现，随着侧壁功能化程度的增加，单壁碳纳米管样品的细胞毒性降低。此外，侧壁功能化的单壁碳纳米管样品的细胞毒性明显低于表面活性剂稳定的单壁碳纳米管。尽管用侧壁功能化单壁碳纳米管处理的细胞死亡率未超过50%，但光学显微镜和原子力显微镜显示细胞膜与水分散性单壁碳纳米管之间有直接接触；即在水悬浮液中的单壁碳纳米管沉淀并选择性地沉积在膜上。
