Brito Charles L, Silva João V, Gonzaga Rodrigo V, La-Scalea Mauro A, Giarolla Jeanine, Ferreira Elizabeth I
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil.
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema 09972-270, Brazil.
ACS Omega. 2024 Feb 13;9(8):8687-8708. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08824. eCollection 2024 Feb 27.
The use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are nanometric materials, in pathogen detection, protection of environments, food safety, and in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, as efficient drug delivery systems, is relevant for the improvement and advancement of pharmacological profiles of many molecules employed in therapeutics and in tissue bioengineering. It has contributed to the advancement of science due to the development of new tools and devices in the field of medicine. CNTs have versatile mechanical, physical, and chemical properties, in addition to their great potential for association with other materials to contribute to applications in different fields of medicine. As, for example, photothermal therapy, due to the ability to convert infrared light into heat, in tissue engineering, due to the mechanical resistance, flexibility, elasticity, and low density, in addition to many other possible applications, and as biomarkers, where the electronic and optics properties enable the transduction of their signals. This review aims to describe the state of the art and the perspectives and challenges of applying CNTs in the medical field. A systematic search was carried out in the indexes Medline, Lilacs, SciELO, and Web of Science using the descriptors "carbon nanotubes", "tissue regeneration", "electrical interface (biosensors and chemical sensors)", "photosensitizers", "photothermal", "drug delivery", "biocompatibility" and "nanotechnology", and "Prodrug design" and appropriately grouped. The literature reviewed showed great applicability, but more studies are needed regarding the biocompatibility of CNTs. The data obtained point to the need for standardized studies on the applications and interactions of these nanostructures with biological systems.
碳纳米管（CNTs）作为纳米材料，在病原体检测、环境保护、食品安全以及疾病的诊断和治疗中作为高效药物递送系统的应用，对于改善和推进治疗学及组织生物工程中使用的许多分子的药理学特性具有重要意义。由于医学领域新工具和设备的发展，它推动了科学的进步。碳纳米管除了具有与其他材料结合以促进在医学不同领域应用的巨大潜力外，还具有多种机械、物理和化学特性。例如，在光热疗法中，由于其能够将红外光转化为热量；在组织工程中，由于其机械抗性、柔韧性、弹性和低密度；此外还有许多其他可能的应用，以及作为生物标志物，其电子和光学特性能够实现信号转导。本综述旨在描述碳纳米管在医学领域应用的现状、前景和挑战。使用描述符“碳纳米管”、“组织再生”、“电接口（生物传感器和化学传感器）”、“光敏剂”、“光热”、“药物递送”、“生物相容性”、“纳米技术”、“前药设计”在医学索引数据库Medline、Lilacs、SciELO和科学网进行了系统检索，并进行了适当分组。综述的文献显示出巨大的适用性，但关于碳纳米管的生物相容性还需要更多研究。获得的数据表明需要对这些纳米结构与生物系统的应用和相互作用进行标准化研究。
