Sriplung Hutcha, Sontipong Sineenat, Martin Nimit, Wiangnon Surapon, Vootiprux Visoot, Cheirsilpa Arkom, Kanchanabat Chol, Khuhaprema Theeravud
Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2005 Jul-Sep;6(3):276-81.
There are five population-based cancer registries in Thailand in different regions of the country. Four of them (Chiang Mai, Khon Kaen, Bangkok, and Songkhla) have been operating since 1988 and the other (Lampang) since the early 1990s. These registries have published regular 3-year cancer incidence reports since the first in 1993 for the period 1989-1991. The objective of this article is to summarize the figures of cancer incidence in Thailand during 1995-1997. The population of Thailand in 1996, at the middle of the period, was 27 million males and 27.5 million females. Information of cancer cases residing in the five provinces was collected and abstracted from different sources. Age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) of cancer in males and females was calculated for each registry and that for the whole country was estimated using the five registries as representatives for the four geographical regions of Thailand. The estimated number of new cancer cases in 1996 for the whole country was 35,539 men and 38,476 women and the ASRs were 149.2 and 125.0 per 10(5) population in men and women respectively. Cancer incidences greatly differed from region to region. Lung cancer was the commonest in Chiang Mai and Lampang in the Northern region in both sexes. The incidence of liver cancer in Khon Kaen in the Northeastern region outnumbered all the others in both sexes; cholangiocarcinoma was the major type of liver cancer. In Bangkok, lung cancer was the most important cancer in males and breast cancer was in females. Though it was lung and cervix uteri cancer that ranked the first in men and women in Songkhla, the rate of oral and pharyngeal cancer was exceptionally higher than in other registries. The geographical variability in cancer patterns in Thailand reflects exposure of the population to different risk factors unique to the different regions. In the study as a whole, there are some methodological weak points in estimating the ASRs and number of cancer cases for the whole country, but the results are the most reliable cancer statistics from Thailand at the moment. In conclusion, both a country-wide and region-specific cancer control programmes are needed for Thailand. The national one would be for the cancers common to all regions, and the provincial-level emphasis should be on cancers which are the major problems in the area.
泰国不同地区设有五个基于人群的癌症登记处。其中四个（清迈、孔敬、曼谷和宋卡）自1988年起开始运作，另一个（南邦）自20世纪90年代初开始运作。自1993年首次发布1989 - 1991年期间的定期3年癌症发病率报告以来，这些登记处一直在发布此类报告。本文的目的是总结1995 - 1997年泰国的癌症发病率数据。在该时期中期的1996年，泰国人口为男性2700万，女性2750万。居住在这五个省份的癌症病例信息从不同来源收集并提取。为每个登记处计算了男性和女性的年龄标准化发病率（ASR），并以这五个登记处作为泰国四个地理区域的代表来估计全国的发病率。1996年全国估计的新发癌症病例数为男性35539例，女性38476例，男性和女性的ASR分别为每10万人口149.2例和125.0例。癌症发病率在不同地区差异很大。在北部地区的清迈和南邦，肺癌在男女中都是最常见的。在东北地区的孔敬，肝癌的发病率在男女中均超过其他所有癌症；胆管癌是肝癌的主要类型。在曼谷，肺癌是男性最重要的癌症，乳腺癌是女性最重要的癌症。虽然在宋卡男女中排名第一的是肺癌和子宫颈癌，但口腔和咽癌的发病率异常高于其他登记处。泰国癌症模式的地理差异反映了不同地区人群接触不同独特风险因素情况。在整个研究中，在估计全国的ASR和癌症病例数方面存在一些方法上的弱点，但目前这些结果是泰国最可靠的癌症统计数据。总之，泰国既需要全国性的癌症控制计划，也需要针对特定地区的计划。全国性计划针对所有地区常见的癌症，省级层面应重点关注该地区的主要癌症问题。
