Gómez-Talegón M Trinidad, Alvarez F Javier
Institute for Alcohol and Drug Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain.
Accid Anal Prev. 2006 Jan;38(1):201-7. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2005.09.006. Epub 2005 Oct 17.
It is well known that driving under the influence of alcohol increases the risk of traffic accidents. Alcohol-dependent patients are responsible for two-thirds of motor vehicle crashes involving alcohol. Studies carried out on the general population have shown a relation between alcohol dependence and traffic accidents. The aim of the study is to analyse the effect on traffic accidents of treatment of patients with alcohol-related problems. To do so, the prevalence of traffic problems in a sample of patients with a diagnosed dependence on alcohol was assessed for three periods: during their lifetime, in the year preceding the start of treatment and over the year of treatment. A prospective study was carried out of 176 patients (147 males, 29 females; mean age 42.9 years) diagnosed as alcohol dependent according to the DSM-IV criteria in three alcoholic treatment centres in Castilla y León, Spain. 36.9% of the alcohol-dependent patients had had some kind of traffic problem during their life and 8.5% in the year prior to starting treatment. The most frequent problem was positive breath tests, followed by accidents with damage to the vehicle. Sixty-nine of the 176 patients were still receiving treatment after a year. The prevalence of traffic problems among those patients who followed treatment for 1 year (4.3%) was lower than in the year before treatment (15.9%). The study showed that the treatment is also effective in reducing traffic problems.
众所周知，酒后驾车会增加交通事故风险。酒精依赖患者占涉及酒精的机动车碰撞事故的三分之二。对普通人群进行的研究表明酒精依赖与交通事故之间存在关联。本研究的目的是分析对有酒精相关问题的患者进行治疗对交通事故的影响。为此，对一组被诊断为酒精依赖的患者样本在三个时间段的交通问题患病率进行了评估：在其一生中、治疗开始前一年以及治疗期间的一年。在西班牙卡斯蒂利亚-莱昂的三个酒精治疗中心，对176名根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版标准被诊断为酒精依赖的患者（147名男性，29名女性；平均年龄42.9岁）进行了一项前瞻性研究。36.9%的酒精依赖患者在其一生中曾有过某种交通问题，在开始治疗前一年这一比例为8.5%。最常见的问题是呼气酒精测试呈阳性，其次是车辆受损的事故。176名患者中有69名在一年后仍在接受治疗。接受治疗一年的患者中交通问题的患病率（4.3%）低于治疗前一年（15.9%）。该研究表明，这种治疗在减少交通问题方面也是有效的。
