Khatoon Sayyada, Rai Vartika, Rawat Ajay Kumar Singh, Mehrotra Shanta
Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2006 Mar 8;104(1-2):79-86. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.048. Epub 2005 Oct 19.
Different species of Phyllanthus are considered to be very effective hepatoprotective agents in the Indian indigenous systems of medicine and are considered bitter, astringent, stomachic, diuretic, febrifuge, deobstruant and antiseptic. Still ayurvedic practitioners prescribed fresh juice of 'Bhuiamlki' for jaundice. Various species of Phyllanthus are being sold in India under the trade name 'Bhuiamlki'. During market surveillance of herbal drug, it was observed that almost all the commercial samples, either comprise of Phyllanthus amarus Schum & Thonn. or Phyllanthus maderaspatensis Linn. or mixture of Phyllanthus amarus, Phyllanthus fraternus Webster. and Phyllanthus maderaspatensis. Therefore, in this context the detailed pharmacognostical evaluation of all the three species has been carried out with the aim to establish the identification markers of this important hepatoprotective agent (effective in hepatitis B too). The study conclude that all the three species can be differentiated on the basis of macro and microscopic characters, physico-chemical values, HPTLC fingerprint profile, and detection of phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin as marker components. Besides, an interesting conclusion can also be drawn that phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin said to protect hepatocytes against carbon tetrachloride and galactosamine induced toxicity, may not be exclusively responsible for hepatoprotective activity as these are present only in Phyllanthus amarus while Phyllanthus fraternus and Phyllanthus maderaspatensis also possess significant hepatoprotective activity.
在印度本土医学体系中，不同种类的叶下珠被认为是非常有效的肝脏保护剂，具有苦味、收敛性、健胃、利尿、退热、通经和抗菌作用。阿育吠陀医生仍会为黄疸患者开“Bhuiamlki”的鲜汁。在印度，各种叶下珠以“Bhuiamlki”的商品名出售。在对草药进行市场监管时发现，几乎所有商业样品要么由苦味叶下珠（Phyllanthus amarus Schum & Thonn.）、麻疯树叶下珠（Phyllanthus maderaspatensis Linn.）组成，要么是苦味叶下珠、毛叶叶下珠（Phyllanthus fraternus Webster.）和麻疯树叶下珠的混合物。因此，在此背景下，对这三个物种进行了详细的生药学评价，目的是确定这种重要的肝脏保护剂（对乙型肝炎也有效）的鉴别标志物。研究得出结论，这三个物种可以根据宏观和微观特征、理化值、高效薄层色谱指纹图谱以及作为标志物成分的叶下珠素和去甲叶下珠素的检测来区分。此外，还可以得出一个有趣的结论，即据说能保护肝细胞免受四氯化碳和半乳糖胺诱导毒性的叶下珠素和去甲叶下珠素，可能并非肝脏保护活性的唯一原因，因为它们仅存在于苦味叶下珠中，而毛叶叶下珠和麻疯树叶下珠也具有显著的肝脏保护活性。
