MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Aug 19;60(32):1078-82.
Women are at increased risk for morbidity and mortality from influenza during pregnancy. Vaccinating pregnant women for influenza can protect both the women and their infants, especially infants aged <6 months who are not old enough to receive influenza vaccination. Since 2004, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists have recommended inactivated influenza vaccine for all women who are pregnant during influenza season, regardless of trimester. Before 2009, estimated influenza vaccination coverage among pregnant women had been consistently low (approximately 15%). However, vaccination levels increased substantially in response to the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic to nearly 50%. To estimate influenza vaccination coverage among pregnant women for the 2010-11 season, CDC analyzed data from an Internet panel survey conducted in April 2011 among women who were pregnant any time during October 2010-January 2011. Among 1,457 survey respondents, 49% reported that they had received influenza vaccination: 12% were vaccinated before pregnancy, 32% during pregnancy, and 5% after pregnancy. Women offered influenza vaccination by a health-care provider (62%) were more likely to be vaccinated (71%) than other women (14%) and were more likely to have positive attitudes about vaccine effectiveness and safety. These results indicate that the higher vaccination level achieved the previous season (2009-10) was sustained and emphasize the critical role of health-care providers in promoting influenza vaccination. Continued efforts are needed to encourage health-care providers to strongly recommend and offer influenza vaccination to pregnant patients to protect both the mothers and their infants.
女性在怀孕期间患流感和因此死亡的风险增加。为孕妇接种流感疫苗可以保护妇女及其婴儿，尤其是年龄不足 6 个月、还未到可以接种流感疫苗年龄的婴儿。自 2004 年以来，免疫实践咨询委员会和美国妇产科医师学会已建议在流感季节为所有怀孕的女性接种灭活流感疫苗，无论怀孕处于哪个阶段。在 2009 年之前，孕妇的流感疫苗估计接种率一直较低（约为 15%）。然而，在 2009 年甲型 H1N1 流感大流行之后，接种率大幅增加，接近 50%。为了估计 2010-11 年流感季节孕妇的流感疫苗接种率，CDC 分析了 2011 年 4 月进行的一项互联网小组调查数据，该调查在 2010 年 10 月至 2011 年 1 月期间对任何时间怀孕的女性进行。在 1457 名调查对象中，49%的人报告接种了流感疫苗：12%在怀孕前接种，32%在怀孕期间接种，5%在怀孕后接种。接受过卫生保健提供者提供的流感疫苗接种服务的女性（62%）接种疫苗的可能性（71%）高于其他女性（14%），并且对疫苗有效性和安全性持更积极的态度。这些结果表明，前一季节（2009-10 年）实现的更高疫苗接种率得到了维持，并强调了卫生保健提供者在促进流感疫苗接种方面的关键作用。需要继续努力鼓励卫生保健提供者向孕妇大力推荐并提供流感疫苗接种，以保护母亲及其婴儿。
