[Prophylaxis and treatment of disorders of the vocal cords mobility after surgeries on the thyroid gland].

Own and foreign experience in surgical treatment of thyroid gland (TG) diseases was analyzed. Surgical anatomy of TG, effective methods of surgical techniques, classification of disorders of vocal cords mobility, and treatment policy are described. It is demonstrated that no less than 70-80% patients with respiratory disorders after surgeries on TG can avoid tracheostomy and subsequent complex and sometimes staged plastic surgeries on the larynx. Proposed recommendations permit one to reduce risk of postoperative complications, to improve long-term results of surgical treatment and life quality of operated patients.