Aosved Allison C, Long Patricia J
Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
Violence Vict. 2005 Oct;20(5):577-87.
A sample of 648 college women recruited from undergraduate psychology classes was examined to explore the relationship between past psychological maltreatment and sexual assault. Based on responses to the Sexual Experiences Survey and the Psychological Maltreatment Inventory, women were classified by level of unwanted sexual contact (i.e., vaginal or anal intercourse; oral genital contact and/or object penetration; or kissing and/or fondling), by method used to obtain the sexual assault (i.e., women were classified as experiencing coerced assaults, forced assaults, or both), and by identity of perpetrator (i.e., acquaintances or strangers). Results pointed to significant differences in the amount of past psychological maltreatment reported by women experiencing any type of assault as compared to women without assault experiences, regardless of perpetrator identity. Moreover, higher levels of psychological maltreatment were associated with having experienced any type of coerced sexual activities. There were no differences by type of assault. Finally, a series of ANOVAs was conducted to examine the interaction between coercion and force in the psychological maltreatment reported by women experiencing different forms of assault. With few exceptions, greater maltreatment was associated both with the occurrence of coerced assaults and with the occurrence of forced assaults. A significant interaction was seen with one form of assault, unwanted kissing and/or fondling perpetrated by an acquaintance. This interaction may suggest that, at least for this one form of contact perpetrated by acquaintances, the presence of past psychological maltreatment is uniquely associated with experiencing adult sexual assaults involving both force and coercion.
从本科心理学课程中招募了648名大学女生作为样本，以探究过去遭受心理虐待与性侵犯之间的关系。根据对《性经历调查》和《心理虐待量表》的回答，这些女性被按照非自愿性接触的程度（即阴道或肛交；口交和/或物体插入；或亲吻和/或抚摸）、性侵犯的实施方式（即女性被分类为经历胁迫性侵犯、强迫性侵犯或两者皆有）以及犯罪者身份（即熟人或陌生人）进行分类。结果表明，与没有遭受过性侵犯经历的女性相比，遭受任何类型性侵犯的女性所报告的过去心理虐待程度存在显著差异，无论犯罪者身份如何。此外，较高程度的心理虐待与经历过任何类型的胁迫性性活动有关。不同类型的性侵犯之间没有差异。最后，进行了一系列方差分析，以检验经历不同形式性侵犯的女性所报告的心理虐待中胁迫与强迫之间的相互作用。除了少数例外情况，更大程度的虐待既与胁迫性侵犯的发生有关，也与强迫性侵犯的发生有关。在一种性侵犯形式中发现了显著的相互作用，即熟人实施的非自愿亲吻和/或抚摸。这种相互作用可能表明，至少对于熟人实施的这一种接触形式，过去心理虐待的存在与经历涉及强迫和胁迫的成人性侵犯具有独特的关联。
