1 Social Intervention Group, School of Social Work, Columbia University , New York, New York.
2 Mental Health Data Science, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center and New York State Psychiatric Institute , New York, New York.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2019 Feb;28(2):185-193. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2018.7191. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Research has documented multilevel risk factors associated with experiencing incapacitated sexual assault among undergraduate women. Less is known about multilevel risk factors associated with nonincapacitated sexual assault. This study examines and compares the different settings, coercion methods, and relationships in which incapacitated and nonincapacitated sexual assaults occur among undergraduate women.
Our sample included 253 undergraduate women who reported experiencing sexual assault during college on a population-based survey of randomly selected students at two colleges in New York City in 2016 (N = 1671, response rate = 67%). We examined event-level data on their most significant sexual assault incident since entering college. Using multivariable statistical analysis, we identified situational contexts associated with incapacitated and nonincapacitated assault incidents adjusting for binge drinking, illicit drug use, and other confounding sociodemographic and psychosocial variables.
Almost half (47%) of women who experienced sexual assault reported being incapacitated due to alcohol or drugs during the most significant incident. Being at a party before the event and "acquaintance" perpetrators were associated with incapacitated sexual assault after adjusting for binge drinking and other confounders. Meeting a perpetrator through an Internet dating app or indicating the perpetrator was an intimate partner were each associated with nonincapacitated assault incidents. Perpetrator use of physical force and verbal coercion were also associated with nonincapacitated assault incident.
The different situational contexts associated with incapacitated and nonincapacitated sexual assaults have important implications for the design of prevention strategies that will effectively target the diverse risk environments in which campus sexual assault occurs.
研究记录了与本科女性遭受性侵犯相关的多层次风险因素。对于与非性侵犯相关的多层次风险因素知之甚少。本研究考察并比较了本科女性遭受性侵犯的不同环境、胁迫方式和关系。
我们的样本包括 253 名在大学期间报告性侵犯的本科女性，这是在 2016 年对纽约市两所大学的随机选择学生进行的基于人群的调查中（N=1671，响应率=67%）。我们检查了她们自进入大学以来最严重的性侵犯事件的事件级数据。使用多变量统计分析，我们在调整了 binge drinking、非法药物使用和其他混杂的社会人口学和心理社会变量后，确定了与丧失能力和非丧失能力的攻击事件相关的情境背景。
近一半（47%）遭受性侵犯的女性报告在最严重的事件中因酒精或药物而丧失能力。在事件发生前参加派对和“熟人”施害者与调整了 binge drinking 和其他混杂因素后的丧失能力的性侵犯有关。通过在线约会应用程序结识施害者或表明施害者是亲密伴侣与非丧失能力的攻击事件有关。施害者使用身体力量和言语胁迫也与非丧失能力的攻击事件有关。
与丧失能力和非丧失能力的性侵犯相关的不同情境背景对预防策略的设计具有重要意义，这些策略将有效地针对校园性侵犯发生的不同风险环境。
