Kawahigashi Hiroyuki, Hirose Sakiko, Ohkawa Hideo, Ohkawa Yasunobu
Plant Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan.
J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Nov 2;53(22):8557-64. doi: 10.1021/jf051370f.
The human cytochrome P450 CYP1A1 gene was introduced into rice plants (Oryza sativa cv. Nipponbare). One-month-old CYP1A1 plants grown in soil clearly showed a healthy growth and tolerance to 8.8 microM atrazine and 50 microM simazine, but nontransgenic plants were completely killed by the herbicides. Although transgenic and nontransgenic plants metabolized the two herbicides into the same sets of compounds, CYP1A1 plants metabolized atrazine and simazine more rapidly than did control plants. In small-scale experiments, residual amounts of atrazine and simazine in the culture medium of CYP1A1 plants were 43.4 and 12.3% of those in control medium; those of nontransgenic Nipponbare were 68.3 and 57.2%, respectively. When cultivated in soil with 2.95 microM atrazine and 3.15 microM simazine for 25 days, CYP1A1 plants eliminated 1.3 times more atrazine and 1.4 times more simazine from the soil than did control plants. Thus, CYP1A1 rice plants make it possible to remove atrazine and simazine more rapidly from the culture medium and soil than can nontransgenic Nipponbare.
将人类细胞色素P450 CYP1A1基因导入水稻植株（日本晴品种）。在土壤中生长一个月的CYP1A1植株生长状况良好，对8.8微摩尔的莠去津和50微摩尔的西玛津具有耐受性，但非转基因植株则被这些除草剂完全杀死。尽管转基因和非转基因植株将这两种除草剂代谢为相同的化合物组，但CYP1A1植株比对照植株更快速地代谢莠去津和西玛津。在小规模实验中，CYP1A1植株培养基中莠去津和西玛津的残留量分别为对照培养基中残留量的43.4%和12.3%；非转基因日本晴的残留量分别为68.3%和57.2%。当在含有2.95微摩尔莠去津和3.15微摩尔西玛津的土壤中培养25天时，CYP1A1植株从土壤中去除的莠去津比对照植株多1.3倍，去除的西玛津比对照植株多1.4倍。因此，与非转基因日本晴相比，CYP1A1水稻植株能够更快速地从培养基和土壤中去除莠去津和西玛津。
