Ippolito Jessica, Adler Amy B, Thomas Jeffrey L, Litz Brett T, Hölzl Rupert
Department of Psychology, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
J Occup Health Psychol. 2005 Oct;10(4):452-64. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.10.4.452.
The purpose of this study was to extend the demand-control model (R. A. Karasek, 1979) by examining coping as an additional factor. It was hypothesized that perceived job control only buffered the demand-strain relationship when individuals used active coping and exacerbated the relationship when individuals used passive coping. Soldiers (N=638) were surveyed before and during a 6-month peacekeeping deployment to Kosovo. Results partially confirmed the hypotheses. Even after controlling for general psychological health at predeployment, job control moderated the relationship between demands and psychological health during deployment when soldiers used active coping. No significant 3-way interactions were found for religious coping and passive coping. Implications for demand-control modeling and potential applications of the findings to soldier and leader training are discussed.
本研究的目的是通过将应对方式作为一个额外因素进行考察，来扩展需求-控制模型（R. A. 卡拉塞克，1979）。研究假设，只有当个体采用积极应对方式时，感知到的工作控制才会缓冲需求-压力关系；而当个体采用消极应对方式时，感知到的工作控制会加剧这种关系。在向科索沃进行为期6个月的维和部署之前及期间，对638名士兵进行了调查。结果部分证实了这些假设。即使在控制了部署前的总体心理健康状况之后，当士兵采用积极应对方式时，工作控制仍调节了部署期间需求与心理健康之间的关系。在宗教应对和消极应对方面未发现显著的三向交互作用。本文讨论了需求-控制模型的意义以及这些研究结果在士兵和领导者培训中的潜在应用。
