Snow D L, Tebes J K, Arthur M W, Tapasak R C
Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
J Drug Educ. 1992;22(2):101-14. doi: 10.2190/T3BF-5XRL-EX6P-WNTF.
This study presents two-year follow-up results of the Adolescent Decision-Making Program initially implemented when students were in their sixth grade. The intervention was found to maintain a positive effect on mean tobacco use, but no differences were observed for mean alcohol, marijuana, or hard drug use. In a test of the differential effectiveness of the intervention, program students living with married parents reported lower mean tobacco use than control students living with married parents and program and control students living with single parents. Logistic regression analyses examining the proportion of users at follow-up revealed a negative program effect for alcohol and no differences for the other substances. Subsequent attrition analyses strongly suggested that the positive effect for tobacco use at follow-up was most likely even stronger, and that the negative effect for alcohol was spurious. The importance of examining both program and attrition effects when evaluating the impact of longitudinal preventive interventions was emphasized, and the need to consider alternative models to guide the conceptualization and evaluation of adolescent substance use prevention programs was discussed.
本研究呈现了青少年决策项目的两年随访结果，该项目最初在学生六年级时实施。研究发现，该干预措施对平均烟草使用量保持着积极影响，但在平均酒精、大麻或硬性毒品使用方面未观察到差异。在对干预措施的差异有效性进行测试时，与已婚父母同住的项目学生报告的平均烟草使用量低于与已婚父母同住的对照学生以及与单亲父母同住的项目和对照学生。逻辑回归分析考察随访时使用者的比例，结果显示该项目对酒精使用有负面效应，而对其他物质使用无差异。后续的损耗分析强烈表明，随访时烟草使用的积极效应很可能更强，而酒精使用的负面效应是虚假的。强调了在评估纵向预防性干预措施的影响时同时考察项目效应和损耗效应的重要性，并讨论了需要考虑替代模型来指导青少年物质使用预防项目的概念化和评估。
