Wade Claire M, Daly Mark J
Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Center, CPZN-6818, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
Nat Genet. 2005 Nov;37(11):1175-80. doi: 10.1038/ng1666.
Characterizing the patterns of genetic variation in an organism provides fundamental insight into the evolutionary history of the organism and defines the scope and nature of studies that must be designed to correlate genotype to phenotype. Given the pre-eminent role of the inbred mouse in biomedical research, considerable effort has been undertaken in recent years to describe more fully the nature and amount of genetic variation among the numerous strains of mice that are in widest use. Here, we discuss recent studies that have contributed to an emerging understanding of the unique variation patterns found in inbred strains of mice and how they have arisen through a combination of natural evolution and human-directed breeding. These preliminary results have ramifications for genetic research into complex biomedical traits and are the basis for the development of future variation resources.
描绘生物体中基因变异的模式，能为了解该生物体的进化历史提供基本见解，并确定为将基因型与表型相关联而必须设计的研究范围和性质。鉴于近交系小鼠在生物医学研究中的重要作用，近年来人们付出了巨大努力，以更全面地描述广泛使用的众多小鼠品系之间基因变异的性质和数量。在此，我们讨论了近期的一些研究，这些研究有助于人们逐渐理解在近交系小鼠中发现的独特变异模式，以及它们是如何通过自然进化和人为定向育种的结合而产生的。这些初步结果对复杂生物医学性状的基因研究具有影响，也是未来变异资源开发的基础。
