Carr Mary B, Lutjemeier John A
College of Education and Behavioral Sciences, Houston Baptist University, 7502 Fondren Road, Houston, Texas 77074-3298, USA.
Adolescence. 2005 Fall;40(159):601-19.
Associations among facial affect recognition, empathy, and self-reported delin-quency were studied in a sample of 29 male youth offenders at a probation placement facility. Youth offenders were asked to recognize facial expressions of emotions from adult faces, child faces, and cartoon faces. Youth offenders also responded to a series of statements on emotional empathy, and provided self-reported acts of delinquency. Findings revealed a moderate positive relationship between ability to recognize the expression, angry, in adult faces, and self-reported acts of delinquent behavior, which included physical violence, theft, and vandalism. Findings revealed a moderate inverse relationship between ability to recognize facial expressions of emotions in child faces and self-reported acts of physical violence. With respect to specific facial expressions of emotions in child faces, a moderate inverse relationship was found between ability to recognize the expression, fearful, and self-reported acts of physical violence. A moderate positive relationship was found between ability to recognized the expression, fearful, in child faces, and ability to empathize with the emotional experiences of others. Strong and moderate links were found between the negative expressions, fearful and sad, and angry and sad, respectively. Additionally, a strong inverse relationship was found between ability to emphathize with the emotional experiences of others and self-reported acts of delinquent behavior. Lastly, a strong positive relationship was found between covert and overt self-reported acts of delinquent behavior. Results from this exploratory investigation suggest a link between facial affect recognition, empathy, and delinquency. Findings have important implications for educators and counselors who work with youth offenders within probation placement facilities.
在一个缓刑安置机构中，对29名男性青少年罪犯进行了面部表情识别、同理心和自我报告的犯罪行为之间的关联研究。青少年罪犯被要求识别成人面孔、儿童面孔和卡通面孔上的情绪表情。青少年罪犯还对一系列关于情感同理心的陈述做出了回应，并提供了自我报告的犯罪行为。研究结果显示，识别成人面孔上愤怒表情的能力与自我报告的包括身体暴力、盗窃和破坏行为在内的犯罪行为之间存在中等程度的正相关。研究结果显示，识别儿童面孔上情绪表情的能力与自我报告的身体暴力行为之间存在中等程度的负相关。就儿童面孔上特定的情绪表情而言，识别恐惧表情的能力与自我报告的身体暴力行为之间存在中等程度的负相关。在识别儿童面孔上恐惧表情的能力与对他人情感体验的同理心之间发现了中等程度的正相关。分别在恐惧与悲伤、愤怒与悲伤等负面表情之间发现了强相关和中等相关。此外，对他人情感体验的同理心与自我报告的犯罪行为之间存在强烈的负相关。最后，隐蔽和公开的自我报告犯罪行为之间存在强烈的正相关。这项探索性调查的结果表明面部表情识别、同理心和犯罪行为之间存在联系。研究结果对在缓刑安置机构中与青少年罪犯打交道的教育工作者和顾问具有重要意义。
