DeLongis Anita, Holtzman Susan
Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
J Pers. 2005 Dec;73(6):1633-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00361.x.
Personality and social relationships play an important role in almost every aspect of stress and coping. Daily process methods are particularly useful in elucidating how these factors might influence both responses to and outcomes of stress. Our work has linked both dimensions of personality, particularly the Big Five, and aspects of social relationships, particularly social support, to the likelihood of engaging in certain coping strategies and the effectiveness or outcomes of these coping strategies. In addition, we have found the effect of personality on coping and stress outcomes to vary by the situational context in which stress occurs. We review findings from our recent daily process studies of stress, coping, and social support. Further, we discuss the costs and benefits of the daily process methodology for addressing these questions, highlighting the clinical utility of findings gleaned with the use of this approach. Finally, we discuss future directions and applications of daily process methods to the study of stress and coping.
人格与社会关系在压力与应对的几乎每个方面都起着重要作用。日常过程方法在阐明这些因素如何影响压力反应及结果方面特别有用。我们的研究工作已将人格维度(特别是大五人格特质)以及社会关系方面(特别是社会支持)与采取特定应对策略的可能性以及这些应对策略的有效性或结果联系起来。此外,我们发现人格对应对方式和压力结果的影响会因压力发生的情境背景而有所不同。我们回顾了近期关于压力、应对和社会支持的日常过程研究的结果。此外,我们讨论了日常过程方法在解决这些问题时的成本与收益,强调了使用这种方法所获得研究结果的临床实用性。最后,我们讨论了日常过程方法在压力与应对研究方面的未来方向及应用。