Salducci Marie-Dominique, Marty Christian, Fouquet Antoine, Gilles André
Laboratoire d'Hydrobiologie, EA EGEE 3178, Université de Provence, 3, Place Victor-Hugo, 13331 Marseille, France.
C R Biol. 2005 Oct-Nov;328(10-11):1009-24. doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2005.07.005. Epub 2005 Sep 26.
We evaluated two biodiversity criteria, higher taxonomic diversity and phylogenetic diversity in French Guiana. For this, we used a recent assessment of the knowledge accumulated since 30 years of study on the amphibian species currently known in French Guiana. We focused on two well-represented genera, Hyla and Scinax, belonging to the subfamily Hylinae. We used partial sequences of two mitochondrial genes (16S rDNA and 12S rDNA, 813 bp) and two nuclear genes (tyrosinase and 18S rRNA, 1590 bp) covering a total of 2403 bp. According to the high bootstrap support in phylogenetic analysis of the complete dataset, the genus Scinax is a homophyletic clade formed by two species groups (rubra and rostrata) in French Guiana. The genus Hyla was confirmed to be a paraphyletic group formed by two species groups as well (30 chromosomes and the 'gladiator frogs'). We confirmed that these genera should be taxonomically reconsidered. Moreover, at the genus, subfamily and family levels, the use of only morphological characters or only molecular DNA markers would hamper estimations of biodiversity. Thus, we strongly advise the combined use of both morphology and molecular data (nuclear and mitochondrial markers).
我们在法属圭亚那评估了两个生物多样性标准，即更高的分类多样性和系统发育多样性。为此，我们利用了对法属圭亚那目前已知两栖动物物种30年研究积累的知识进行的最新评估。我们重点研究了两个代表性很强的属，雨蛙属（Hyla）和琴蛙属（Scinax），它们属于雨蛙亚科（Hylinae）。我们使用了两个线粒体基因（16S rDNA和12S rDNA，共813 bp）和两个核基因（酪氨酸酶和18S rRNA，共1590 bp）的部分序列覆盖总共2403 bp。根据完整数据集系统发育分析中的高自展支持率，琴蛙属在法属圭亚那是一个由两个物种组（红琴蛙组和长吻琴蛙组）组成的单系类群。雨蛙属也被确认为一个由两个物种组（30条染色体组和“角斗士蛙”）组成的并系类群。我们确认这些属在分类学上应重新考虑。此外，在属、亚科和科的层面上，仅使用形态特征或仅使用分子DNA标记都会妨碍生物多样性的评估。因此，我们强烈建议同时使用形态学和分子数据（核标记和线粒体标记）。
