Singh-Manoux Archana, Marmot Michael
INSERM, Unit 687, HNSM, Saint-Maurice, France.
J Clin Epidemiol. 2005 Dec;58(12):1308-15. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.03.016.
Research shows elevated levels of blood pressure in midlife to be linked to impaired cognitive performance in old age. However, it remains unclear if this association extends to younger age groups. The objective of this study was to examine the association between hypertension and a range of cognitive abilities in middle aged men and women.
Data are from the Whitehall II study. Measures of blood pressure were obtained at baseline (1985-1988) and two subsequent phases of data collection (1991-1994 and 1997-1999). Cognitive function (memory test, AH 4-I, Mill-Hill, phonemic and semantic fluency) was assessed (1997-1999) when participants (N = 5,838) were aged 46-68 years old.
Results show a small inverse association between both diastolic and systolic blood pressure and cognitive performance, independent of age, education, employment grade, smoking status, alcohol consumption, use of antihypertensive medication, diagnoses of diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Similar associations were seen with prospective and cross-sectional analyses. The effect of hypertension was stronger in women, and stronger for cognitive measures assessing executive function.
Expanding on previous studies on older participants, the present study reports a small, but significant association between hypertension and poor cognitive performance in middle-aged men and women.
研究表明，中年时血压升高与老年时认知能力受损有关。然而，这种关联是否适用于年轻年龄组仍不清楚。本研究的目的是探讨中年男性和女性高血压与一系列认知能力之间的关联。
数据来自白厅 II 研究。在基线期（1985 - 1988 年）以及随后两个数据收集阶段（1991 - 1994 年和 1997 - 1999 年）获取血压测量值。当参与者（N = 5838 名）年龄在 46 - 68 岁时，于 1997 - 1999 年评估认知功能（记忆测试、AH 4 - I、米尔 - 希尔、音素和语义流畅性）。
结果显示，舒张压和收缩压与认知表现之间存在微弱的负相关，不受年龄、教育程度、就业等级、吸烟状况、饮酒量、抗高血压药物使用、糖尿病诊断和心血管疾病的影响。前瞻性分析和横断面分析均观察到类似的关联。高血压对女性的影响更强，对评估执行功能的认知指标影响也更强。
在先前针对老年参与者的研究基础上，本研究报告了中年男性和女性高血压与认知表现不佳之间存在微弱但显著的关联。
