Ogunbodede Eyitope O, Fatusi Olawunmi A, Akintomide Anthony, Kolawole Kikelomo, Ajayi Adesuyi
Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria.
J Contemp Dent Pract. 2005 Nov 15;6(4):75-84.
Oral manifestations of diabetes mellitus have been documented, but the effect of glycemic control on the oral tissues has been scantily reported. The oral health status of 65 metabolically controlled adult diabetic patients attending the Diabetes Clinic of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, was prospectively assessed over six months and compared with that of 54 non-diabetic acting as controls. The mean duration of diabetes was 100.5+/-85.1 months. The difference in periodontal status of the patients and control, assessed using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), was not statistically significant (p=0.07). The degree of hyposalivation between the two groups was, however, statiscally significant (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the altered taste, burning mouth sensation, angular cheilitis, glossitis, and stomatitis status of the two groups. We conclude, with adequate metabolic control, the oral health status of a diabetic may not be significantly different from that of a non-diabetic except for xerostomia. A good understanding of the interactions between systemic diseases and oral health is imperative for physicians and dental practitioners. The need for early detection and closer linkages between the dental and medical professions in managing diabetic patients is emphasized.
糖尿病的口腔表现已有文献记载，但血糖控制对口腔组织的影响鲜有报道。对尼日利亚伊费奥巴费米·阿沃洛沃大学教学医院综合院区糖尿病诊所的65名代谢得到控制的成年糖尿病患者的口腔健康状况进行了为期六个月的前瞻性评估，并与54名作为对照的非糖尿病患者进行了比较。糖尿病的平均病程为100.5±85.1个月。使用社区牙周治疗需求指数（CPITN）评估的患者与对照的牙周状况差异无统计学意义（p = 0.07）。然而，两组之间唾液分泌减少的程度具有统计学意义（p<0.05）。两组在味觉改变、灼口综合征、口角炎、舌炎和口腔炎状况方面未观察到显著差异。我们得出结论，在代谢得到充分控制的情况下，除了口干症外，糖尿病患者的口腔健康状况可能与非糖尿病患者没有显著差异。医生和牙科医生必须充分了解全身性疾病与口腔健康之间的相互作用。强调了在管理糖尿病患者时早期检测以及牙科和医学专业之间建立更紧密联系的必要性。
