Silva Miguel Franklin Alves, Barbosa Kevan Guilherme Nóbrega, Pereira Jozinete Vieira, Bento Patrícia Meira, Godoy Gustavo Pina, Gomes Daliana Queiroga de Castro
aff01, Brazil.
Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil.
An Bras Dermatol. 2015 Jan-Feb;90(1):49-53. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20153089.
Patients with diabetes mellitus have been associated with a number of changes in the oral cavity, such as gingivitis, periodontitis, mucosal diseases, salivary dysfunction, altered taste, and burning mouth.
To determine the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus.
A cross-sectional observational study between August and October 2012 with a convenience sampling was performed for 51 patients with diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type 2). The study consisted of two phases: 1) a questionnaire application; 2) intraoral clinical examination. For the analysis of data, we used descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact test in bivariate analysis (significance level of 0.05), and Poisson Regression.
The prevalence of oral lesions was 78.4%. Traumatic ulcers (16.4%) and actinic cheilitis (12.7%) were the most prevalent lesions. The lips (35.3%) and tongue (23.5%) were the most common location. The bivariate analysis showed an association with the type of diabetes, and two variables (age and comorbidity) were quite close to the significance level. In the Poisson Regression analysis, only diabetes type 2 remained significant after adjusting the model.
The results of this study show a high prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in diabetic patients. The oral mucosal lesions are mostly associated with diabetes type 2.
糖尿病患者与口腔的多种变化有关，如牙龈炎、牙周炎、黏膜疾病、唾液功能障碍、味觉改变和灼口症。
确定糖尿病患者口腔黏膜病变的患病率。
2012年8月至10月，采用便利抽样法对51例1型和2型糖尿病患者进行了横断面观察研究。该研究包括两个阶段：1）问卷调查；2）口腔临床检查。对于数据分析，我们使用了描述性统计、双变量分析中的Fisher精确检验（显著性水平为0.05）和泊松回归。
口腔病变的患病率为78.4%。创伤性溃疡（16.4%）和光化性唇炎（12.7%）是最常见的病变。嘴唇（35.3%）和舌头（23.5%）是最常见的发病部位。双变量分析显示与糖尿病类型有关，两个变量（年龄和合并症）非常接近显著性水平。在泊松回归分析中，调整模型后只有2型糖尿病仍然显著。
本研究结果显示糖尿病患者口腔黏膜病变的患病率较高。口腔黏膜病变大多与2型糖尿病有关。
