Frigerio R, Elbaz A, Sanft K R, Peterson B J, Bower J H, Ahlskog J E, Grossardt B R, de Andrade M, Maraganore D M, Rocca W A
Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Neurology. 2005 Nov 22;65(10):1575-83. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000184520.21744.a2.
To investigate the association of Parkinson disease (PD) with education and occupations using a case-control study design.
The authors used the medical records-linkage system of the Rochester Epidemiology Project to identify all subjects who developed PD in Olmsted County, MN, from 1976 through 1995. Each incident case was matched by age (+/-1 year) and sex to a general population control. The authors collected information about education and occupations using two independent sources of data: a review of the complete medical records in the system and a telephone interview. Occupations were coded using the 1980 Standard Occupational Classification.
Subjects with 9 or more years of education were at increased risk of PD (OR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.1 to 3.6; p = 0.02), and there was a trend of increasing risk with increasing education (test for linear trend, p = 0.02; medical records data). Physicians were at significantly increased risk of PD using both sources of occupational data. By contrast, four occupational groups showed a significantly decreased risk of PD using one source of data: construction and extractive workers (e.g., miners, oil well drillers), production workers (e.g., machine operators, fabricators), metal workers, and engineers. These associations with increased or decreased risk did not change noticeably after adjustment for education.
Subjects with higher education and physicians have an increased risk of Parkinson disease (PD), while subjects with some occupations presumed to involve high physical activity have a decreased risk of PD.
采用病例对照研究设计，调查帕金森病（PD）与教育程度和职业的关联。
作者利用罗切斯特流行病学项目的医疗记录链接系统，识别出1976年至1995年期间在明尼苏达州奥尔姆斯特德县患帕金森病的所有受试者。每例新发病例按年龄（±1岁）和性别与一名普通人群对照进行匹配。作者使用两个独立的数据源收集有关教育程度和职业的信息：对系统中完整医疗记录的审查以及电话访谈。职业按照1980年标准职业分类进行编码。
接受9年或9年以上教育的受试者患帕金森病的风险增加（比值比[OR]=2.0；95%置信区间[CI]=1.1至3.6；p=0.02），并且随着教育程度的提高，风险有增加的趋势（线性趋势检验，p=0.02；医疗记录数据）。使用两种职业数据来源均显示，医生患帕金森病的风险显著增加。相比之下，有四个职业群体使用一种数据来源显示患帕金森病的风险显著降低：建筑和采掘业工人（如矿工、油井钻探工）、生产工人（如机器操作员、制造者）、金属工人和工程师。在对教育程度进行调整后，这些风险增加或降低的关联没有明显变化。
受过高等教育的受试者和医生患帕金森病（PD）的风险增加，而一些据推测涉及高强度体力活动的职业的受试者患帕金森病的风险降低。
