Huang J
Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago.
Med Educ. 1992 Jul;26(4):333-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.1992.tb00178.x.
The development of medical education in China occurred quite differently to medical education in the rest of the world. A review of the literature has been presented regarding the historical development and the evolution of medical education research and development (MERAD) units in modern China. The history of medical education in modern China has been divided into three periods: (1) the 17 years before the 'Cultural Revolution' (1949-1966); (2) the period of the 'Cultural Revolution' (1966-1976); (3) the post 'Cultural Revolution' period (1976 onwards). Although a number of MERAD activities had existed on China's medical campuses since 1949, there was no formal organizational structure for MERAD before 1978. The change of the political situation in 1978 led China to seek modernization, with education as its basis. In the process of health care system modernization, medical education was given priority, and the Western model of establishing MERAD units as a means of improving the training of health professionals was introduced. The evolution of medical education research and development in modern China appears to be following the Western pattern due to the multitude of Western consultants and fellowships in Western countries provided to Chinese medical education leaders. A group of people from medicine is gathering in the MERAD field and MERAD units are beginning to take shape in modern China.
中国医学教育的发展历程与世界其他地区截然不同。本文回顾了中国现代医学教育研究与发展（MERAD）单位的历史发展与演变。中国现代医学教育史分为三个时期：（1）“文化大革命”前的17年（1949 - 1966年）；（2）“文化大革命”时期（1966 - 1976年）；（3）“文化大革命”后时期（1976年起）。自1949年以来，中国医学院校虽已开展多项MERAD活动，但1978年前尚无MERAD的正式组织结构。1978年政治形势的变化促使中国寻求以教育为基础的现代化。在医疗保健系统现代化进程中，医学教育被置于优先地位，并引入了西方建立MERAD单位以改善卫生专业人员培训的模式。由于西方国家为中国医学教育领导者提供了众多西方顾问和奖学金，中国现代医学教育研究与发展的演变似乎正遵循西方模式。一群医学领域人士齐聚MERAD领域，MERAD单位在现代中国开始初具雏形。
