Kolb Juergen F, Kono Susumu, Schoenbach Karl H
Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23510, USA.
Bioelectromagnetics. 2006 Apr;27(3):172-87. doi: 10.1002/bem.20185.
Modeling and experimental studies have shown that pulsed electric fields of nanosecond duration and megavolt per meter amplitude affect subcellular structures but do not lead to the formation of large pores in the outer membrane. This "intracellular electromanipulation" requires the use of pulse generators which provide extremely high power but low energy pulses. In this study, we describe the concept of the required pulsed power sources, their design, operation, and the necessary diagnostics. Two types of pulse generators based on the Blumlein line principle have been developed and are described here. One system is designed to treat a large number of cells in cuvettes holding volumes from 0.1 to 0.8 ml. Pulses of up to 40 kV amplitude, with a duration of 10 ns and a rise time close to 1 ns can be applied to the cuvette. For an electrode gap of 1 mm this voltage corresponds to an average electric field of 40 MV/m. The second system allows for real time observation of individual cells under a microscope. It generates pulses of 10-300 ns duration with a rise time of 3.5 ns and voltage amplitudes up to 1 kV. Connected to a microreactor with an electrode gap of 100 microm, electric fields up to 10 MV/m are applied.
建模和实验研究表明，持续时间为纳秒级、幅度为每米兆伏级的脉冲电场会影响亚细胞结构，但不会导致外膜形成大的孔洞。这种“细胞内电操控”需要使用能提供极高功率但低能量脉冲的脉冲发生器。在本研究中，我们描述了所需脉冲电源的概念、其设计、操作以及必要的诊断方法。基于勃鲁姆莱茵线原理开发了两种类型的脉冲发生器，并在此进行描述。一种系统设计用于处理比色皿中0.1至0.8毫升体积的大量细胞。可向比色皿施加幅度高达40 kV、持续时间为10 ns且上升时间接近1 ns的脉冲。对于1毫米的电极间隙，该电压对应于40 MV/m的平均电场。第二个系统允许在显微镜下实时观察单个细胞。它产生持续时间为10 - 300 ns、上升时间为3.5 ns且电压幅度高达1 kV的脉冲。连接到电极间隙为100微米的微反应器时，可施加高达10 MV/m的电场。
