Nakajima Kazuhiro, Kunita Jun
Research Promotion and Development Division, Fisheries Research Agency, Yokohama, Japan.
Uirusu. 2005 Jun;55(1):115-25. doi: 10.2222/jsv.55.115.
The first outbreak of red sea bream iridoviral disease caused by red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) was recorded in cultured red sea bream Pagrus major in Shikoku Island, Japan in 1990. Since 1991, the disease has caused mass mortalities of cultured marine fishes not only red sea bream but also many other species. The affected fish were lethargic and exhibited severe anemia, petechiae of the gills, and enlargement of the spleen. The causative agent was a large, icosahedral, cytoplasmic DNA virus classified as a member of the family Iridoviridae and was designated as red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV). The genome of RSIV is liner dsDNA and considered to be circularly permitted and terminally redundant like other iridoviruses. The length of physical map of RSIV genome is 112,415bp. An indirect immunofluorescence test with a monoclonal antibody and PCR are commonly used for the rapid diagnosis of RSIV infected fish in the field. For the control of this disease, a formalin-killed vaccine against red sea bream iridoviral disease was developed and now commercially available.
1990年，在日本四国岛养殖的真鲷（Pagrus major）中首次记录到由真鲷虹彩病毒（RSIV）引起的真鲷虹彩病毒病疫情。自1991年以来，该病不仅导致养殖的真鲷大量死亡，还致使许多其他养殖海水鱼类死亡。患病鱼行动迟缓，出现严重贫血、鳃上瘀点以及脾脏肿大症状。病原体是一种大型二十面体细胞质DNA病毒，被归类为虹彩病毒科成员，被命名为真鲷虹彩病毒（RSIV）。RSIV的基因组是线性双链DNA，被认为像其他虹彩病毒一样是环状允许且末端冗余的。RSIV基因组物理图谱长度为112,415bp。在现场，单克隆抗体间接免疫荧光试验和PCR常用于快速诊断RSIV感染的鱼类。为控制这种疾病，已研发出一种针对真鲷虹彩病毒病的福尔马林灭活疫苗，目前已投入商业使用。
