Nielsen M K, Monrad J, Olsen S N
Department of Large Animal Sciences, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 48 Dyrlaegevej, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C., Denmark.
Vet Parasitol. 2006 Jan 15;135(1):47-55. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.10.020. Epub 2005 Nov 23.
In 1999, legislation in Denmark made anthelmintic drugs available only by prescription, and prohibited their use for routine, prophylactic treatment. A questionnaire survey was conducted in 2004 to determine current strategies for surveillance and control of equine strongyles used in Danish equine veterinary practices. Eighty-seven of 170 (51.2%) registered equine veterinary practices responded. Ninety seven percent of the respondents used faecal egg counts for diagnosis and surveillance, and 41% used larval cultures. Logistic regression revealed that the use of larval cultures was positively correlated with numbers of employees (P = 0.013) and the proportion of equine caseload in the practice (P < 0.000). Performing faecal egg counts and treating horses was most frequent during spring, summer and early autumn. Veterinary practices made treatment decisions based on cut-off values ranging from 20 to 500 eggs per gram (EPG) faeces. Ages of horses, clinical suspicions of parasitic disease, or requests by the owners were the most important factors in the strategies for faecal sampling. Less commonly, sampling strategies included all horses on the premises and random sampling. Ninety five percent of the respondents reported treating certain groups of horses without prior faecal analysis, including horses with clinical signs of parasitic disease (77%), foals (84%), horses less than 3 years of age (52%), and pregnant mares (51%). The respondents regarded the cyathostomin group as the most prevalent cause of parasitic disease and ill-thrift, followed by large strongyles and Parascaris equorum. Sixty seven percent rotated regularly between drugs, while 11% performed routine screening for anthelmintic resistance. Results of this survey suggest that limiting equine anthelmintics to prescription-only availability has increased the level of strongyle surveillance. Veterinary practitioners play a central role in equine parasite management with indications of a lowered intensity of treatment. However, screening for anthelmintic resistance remains uncommon.
1999年，丹麦立法规定驱虫药只能凭处方购买，并禁止将其用于常规预防性治疗。2004年开展了一项问卷调查，以确定丹麦马匹兽医实践中用于监测和控制马圆线虫的当前策略。170家注册马匹兽医诊所中有87家（51.2%）做出了回应。97%的受访者使用粪便虫卵计数进行诊断和监测，41%使用幼虫培养。逻辑回归显示，幼虫培养的使用与员工数量（P = 0.013）以及诊所中马匹病例数的比例（P < 0.000）呈正相关。在春季、夏季和初秋期间，进行粪便虫卵计数和治疗马匹最为频繁。兽医诊所根据每克粪便中20至500个虫卵（EPG）的临界值做出治疗决定。马匹年龄、对寄生虫病的临床怀疑或主人的要求是粪便采样策略中最重要的因素。较少见的采样策略包括对场所内所有马匹进行采样和随机采样。95%的受访者报告在未进行粪便分析的情况下就对某些组别的马匹进行治疗，包括有寄生虫病临床症状的马匹（77%）、幼驹（84%）、3岁以下的马匹（52%）以及怀孕母马（51%）。受访者认为杯状线虫组是寄生虫病和生长不良最常见的病因，其次是大型圆线虫和马副蛔虫。67%的人定期轮换药物，而11%的人对驱虫药耐药性进行常规筛查。这项调查结果表明，将马匹驱虫药限制为仅凭处方购买提高了圆线虫监测水平。兽医从业者在马匹寄生虫管理中发挥着核心作用，治疗强度有降低的迹象。然而，对驱虫药耐药性的筛查仍然不常见。
