Karp Anita, Paillard-Borg Stephanie, Wang Hui-Xin, Silverstein Merril, Winblad Bengt, Fratiglioni Laura
Aging Research Center, Division of Geriatric Epidemiology, Department of Neurotec, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2006;21(2):65-73. doi: 10.1159/000089919. Epub 2005 Nov 23.
There is accumulating evidence in the literature that leisure engagement has a beneficial effect on dementia. Most studies have grouped activities according to whether they were predominantly mental, physical or social. Since many activities contain more than one component, we aimed to verify the effect of all three major components on the dementia risk, as well as their combined effect.
A mental, social and physical component score was estimated for each activity by the researchers and a sample of elderly persons. The correlation between the ratings of the authors and the means of the elderly subjects' ratings was 0.86. The study population consisted of 776 nondemented subjects, aged 75 years and above, living in Stockholm, Sweden, who were still nondemented after 3 years and were followed for 3 more years to detect incident dementia cases.
Multi-adjusted relative risks (RRs) of dementia for subjects with higher mental, physical and social component score sums were 0.71 (95% CI: 0.49-1.03), 0.61 (95% CI: 0.42-0.87) and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.47-0.99), respectively. The most beneficial effect was present for subjects with high scores in all or in two of the components (RR of dementia = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.36-0.78).
These findings suggest that a broad spectrum of activities containing more than one of the components seems to be more beneficial than to be engaged in only one type of activity.
文献中越来越多的证据表明，休闲活动对痴呆症有有益影响。大多数研究根据活动主要是脑力、体力还是社交活动进行分类。由于许多活动包含不止一个组成部分，我们旨在验证这三个主要组成部分对痴呆风险的影响及其综合影响。
研究人员和一组老年人对每项活动的脑力、社交和体力组成部分进行评分。作者评分与老年受试者评分均值之间的相关性为0.86。研究人群包括776名年龄在75岁及以上、居住在瑞典斯德哥尔摩的非痴呆受试者，他们在3年后仍未患痴呆症，并又随访3年以检测新发痴呆症病例。
脑力、体力和社交组成部分得分总和较高的受试者患痴呆症的多因素调整相对风险（RR）分别为0.71（95%可信区间：0.49 - 1.03）、0.61（95%可信区间：0.42 - 0.87）和0.68（95%可信区间：0.47 - 0.99）。在所有或其中两个组成部分得分高的受试者中，效果最为显著（痴呆症RR = 0.53；95%可信区间：0.36 - 0.78）。
这些发现表明，包含不止一种组成部分的广泛活动似乎比只参与一种类型的活动更有益。
