Ottewell P D, Coleman R E, Holen I
Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2006 Mar;96(2):101-13. doi: 10.1007/s10549-005-9067-x.
Numerous mouse models of mammary cancer have been developed that mimic selective aspects of human disease. The use of these models has enabled preclinical chemotherapeutic, chemoprevention, and genetic therapy studies in vivo, the testing of gene delivery systems, and the identification of tumour and metastasis suppressor and inducer genes. This review has discussed the most abundantly used murine models of mammary cancer including: spontaneous tumours, chemically induced tumours, orthotopic and syngeneic tumour transplantation, injected tumours, and genetically engineered mice with a predisposition to neoplasia. Each model has been discussed with regards to its merits and limitations for investigating the genetic and phenotypic alterations involved in the human disease as well as its potential usefulness for the development of new treatment strategies. To date no single mouse model is available with the ability to replicate the entire disease process, however, existing models continue to provide invaluable insights into breast cancer induction and progression that would be impossible to obtain using in vitro models alone.
已经开发出许多乳腺癌小鼠模型，这些模型模拟了人类疾病的某些特定方面。使用这些模型能够在体内进行临床前化疗、化学预防和基因治疗研究，测试基因递送系统，以及鉴定肿瘤和转移抑制基因及诱导基因。本综述讨论了最常用的乳腺癌小鼠模型，包括：自发性肿瘤、化学诱导肿瘤、原位和同基因肿瘤移植、注射肿瘤，以及易患肿瘤的基因工程小鼠。针对每种模型，都讨论了其在研究人类疾病所涉及的基因和表型改变方面的优缺点，以及其在开发新治疗策略方面的潜在用途。迄今为止，还没有一种单一的小鼠模型能够复制整个疾病过程，然而，现有的模型继续为乳腺癌的诱导和进展提供了宝贵的见解，而这些见解仅靠体外模型是无法获得的。
