Seeling K, Boguhn J, Strobel E, Dänicke S, Valenta H, Ueberschär K H, Rodehutscord M
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Federal Agricultural Research Centre (FAL), Bundesallee 50, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
Toxicol In Vitro. 2006 Aug;20(5):703-11. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.10.006.
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of Fusarium toxin contaminated wheat and wheat chaff (mycotoxin diet) on nutrient degradability and the metabolism of the mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZON) using the rumen simulations technique (Rusitec). A 6 day application period with control wheat and wheat chaff (control diet) was followed by an 8 day sampling phase. During this time three fermenters received the mycotoxin diet (64.9 mg DON/kg dry matter (DM) and 500 microg ZON/kg DM) and the remaining fermenters served as the controls (1.0mg DON/kg DM and 6 microg ZON/kg DM). Feed residues of the bags and samples of the effluent liquids were pooled per fermenter during the last 8 days of the experiment. Additionally, effluents of the mycotoxin fermenters were taken 6, 12 and 24h after the morning feeding on the first day of the sampling phase. The degradation of organic matter (OM; P<0.05), neutral detergent fibre (NDF; P<0.01) and protein (P<0.001) were increased by administration the Fusarium contaminated diet which was accompanied by an increased ammonia concentration (P<0.01) and increased butyrate (P<0.01), isobutyrate (P<0.01) and isovalerate (P<0.05) values of the mycotoxin effluents in relation to the controls. High proportions of ingested DON of 90% (85-93%) and ingested ZON of 93% (80-104%) were recovered at the pooled feed residues and effluents in form of DON and de-epoxy DON, and ZON and alpha-ZOL after administering the Fusarium toxin contaminated feed. While adsorption of DON as DON and de-epoxy DON in the feed particles was only minor (5%), a higher amount of 38% of ingested ZON was recovered as ZON and alpha-ZOL at the feed residues. The total recovery of DON plus de-epoxy DON in effluents as a percentage of DON intake reached 8%, 9% and 22% of ingested DON at 6, 12 and 24h after application of the contaminated diet the first time, whereby the recovery of de-epoxy DON as percentage of DON intake was only 5% at 24h. Concentrations of ZON and metabolites were lower than detection limits in the time dependent effluent samples.
本研究的目的是使用瘤胃模拟技术（Rusitec），研究受镰刀菌毒素污染的小麦和麦麸（霉菌毒素日粮）对营养物质降解率以及脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）和玉米赤霉烯酮（ZON）这两种霉菌毒素代谢的影响。先进行为期6天的对照小麦和麦麸（对照日粮）试验期，随后是为期8天的采样阶段。在此期间，三个发酵罐接受霉菌毒素日粮（64.9毫克DON/千克干物质（DM）和500微克ZON/千克DM），其余发酵罐作为对照（1.0毫克DON/千克DM和6微克ZON/千克DM）。在实验的最后8天，每个发酵罐的袋子中的饲料残渣和流出液体样本进行合并。此外，在采样阶段第一天上午喂食后6、12和24小时采集霉菌毒素发酵罐的流出物。给予受镰刀菌污染的日粮后，有机物（OM；P<0.05）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF；P<0.01）和蛋白质（P<0.001）的降解率增加，同时霉菌毒素流出物中的氨浓度增加（P<0.01），丁酸（P<0.01）、异丁酸（P<其摄入的DON中有90%（85 - 93%）、摄入的ZON中有93%（80 - 104%）以DON和脱环氧DON、ZON和α - ZOL的形式在合并的饲料残渣和流出物中回收。虽然饲料颗粒中以DON和脱环氧DON形式存在的DON吸附量很少（5%），但在饲料残渣中，有38%摄入的ZON以ZON和α - ZOL的形式回收。第一次给予受污染日粮后6、12和24小时，流出物中DON加脱环氧DON的总回收率分别达到摄入DON的8%、9%和22%，其中24小时时脱环氧DON占DON摄入量的回收率仅为5%。在随时间变化的流出物样本中，ZON及其代谢产物的浓度低于检测限。 01）和异戊酸（P<0.05）值相对于对照有所增加。给予受镰刀菌毒素污染的饲料后，摄入的DON中有90%（85 - 93%）、摄入的ZON中有93%（80 - 104%）以DON和脱环氧DON、ZON和α - ZOL的形式在合并的饲料残渣和流出物中回收。虽然饲料颗粒中以DON和脱环氧DON形式存在的DON吸附量很少（5%），但在饲料残渣中，有38%摄入的ZON以ZON和α - ZOL的形式回收。第一次给予受污染日粮后6、12和24小时，流出物中DON加脱环氧DON的总回收率分别达到摄入DON的8%、9%和22%，其中24小时时脱环氧DON占DON摄入量的回收率仅为5%。在随时间变化的流出物样本中，ZON及其代谢产物的浓度低于检测限。
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