Boudreau Jeanette, Quadrilatero Joe, Hoffman-Goetz Laurie
Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, CANADA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005 Dec;37(12):2038-45. doi: 10.1249/01.mss.0000179097.29670.d4.
Submandibular lymph nodes (SLN) are important for immune responses to antigens in the eye and oral mucosa. Athletes and exercise participants may be at increased risk of ocular, oral, and upper respiratory tract infections.
This study was conducted to examine the effects of voluntary training on the distribution, number, and apoptotic status of SLN lymphocytes in response to an acute bout of strenuous exercise.
Female C57BL/6 mice were assigned to voluntary wheel-running (WR) exercise (N=20) or were sedentary (N=10) for 16 wk. SLN lymphocytes were examined immediately (EX+Imm) or 24 h (EX+24 h) following strenuous treadmill exercise, or exposure to treadmill conditions without running (NonEX). Intracellular glutathione (GSH), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cell viability (propidium iodide uptake, PI), surface phosphatidylserine (Annexin V), T-lymphocyte (CD3, CD4, CD8), and B-lymphocyte (CD19) phenotype distribution and number were assessed.
The WR mice had a higher number and percent CD8 SLN lymphocytes, higher MMP, and lower Annexin V/PI SLN lymphocytes than controls. Regardless of training status, an acute bout of strenuous exercise decreased the total and phenotype specific (CD3, CD4, CD8) number of cells, MMP, and GSH levels immediately after exercise.
WR in mice improved some aspects of cell viability in SLN lymphocytes compared with controls, but did not prevent the transient cell loss after acute treadmill exercise. Given the depletion in intracellular GSH levels, oxidative stress may account for the decline in SLN lymphocyte numbers following acute exercise. Loss of SLN lymphocytes may have consequences for ocular, oral, and upper respiratory tract health in some exercise participants and athletes during periods of overtraining.
颌下淋巴结（SLN）对于眼部和口腔黏膜对抗抗原的免疫反应很重要。运动员和运动参与者可能面临眼部、口腔及上呼吸道感染风险增加的情况。
本研究旨在探讨自愿训练对剧烈运动急性发作后颌下淋巴结淋巴细胞的分布、数量及凋亡状态的影响。
将雌性C57BL/6小鼠分为自愿轮跑（WR）运动组（N = 20）或久坐组（N = 10），持续16周。在剧烈跑步机运动后立即（EX + Imm）或24小时（EX + 24小时）检查颌下淋巴结淋巴细胞，或暴露于跑步机环境但不跑步（NonEX）。评估细胞内谷胱甘肽（GSH）、线粒体膜电位（MMP）、细胞活力（碘化丙啶摄取，PI）、表面磷脂酰丝氨酸（膜联蛋白V）、T淋巴细胞（CD3、CD4、CD8）和B淋巴细胞（CD19）的表型分布及数量。
与对照组相比，WR小鼠的CD8颌下淋巴结淋巴细胞数量和百分比更高，MMP更高，膜联蛋白V/PI颌下淋巴结淋巴细胞更低。无论训练状态如何，剧烈运动急性发作后，运动后立即细胞总数和表型特异性（CD3、CD4、CD8）细胞数量、MMP和GSH水平均下降。
与对照组相比，小鼠的WR改善了颌下淋巴结淋巴细胞细胞活力的某些方面，但并未预防急性跑步机运动后的短暂细胞损失。鉴于细胞内GSH水平的消耗，氧化应激可能是急性运动后颌下淋巴结淋巴细胞数量下降的原因。在某些运动参与者和运动员过度训练期间，颌下淋巴结淋巴细胞的损失可能会对眼部、口腔和上呼吸道健康产生影响。
