Olson Lenora M, Wahab Stéphanie
Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, USA.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2006 Jan;7(1):19-33. doi: 10.1177/1524838005283005.
Suicide is a major public health problem for American Indians in the United States. Published studies indicate that American Indians experience the highest rate of suicide of all ethnic groups in the United States. This article synthesizes the epidemiology and risk factors associated with suicide among American Indians, barriers to research, prevention, mental-health services, and recommendations for research and practice. The authors' recommendations arise from the current literature as well as interviews with practitioners and academics in the field of suicide prevention. The authors present significant substantive and methodological issues that inform research on suicide in American Indian communities, as well as existing contemporary interventions. Overall, socioeconomic characteristics, substance abuse, barriers to mental health services and acculturation play a role in the occurrence of suicide in American Indian communities. These findings suggest suicide is an important public health problem that needs to be addressed for American Indians.
自杀是美国印第安人的一个重大公共卫生问题。已发表的研究表明，美国印第安人在所有族裔群体中自杀率最高。本文综合了与美国印第安人自杀相关的流行病学和风险因素、研究障碍、预防措施、心理健康服务以及研究和实践建议。作者的建议源于当前的文献以及对自杀预防领域的从业者和学者的访谈。作者提出了重要的实质性和方法性问题，这些问题为美国印第安社区的自杀研究以及现有的当代干预措施提供了参考。总体而言，社会经济特征、药物滥用、心理健康服务障碍和文化适应在美国印第安社区自杀事件中起作用。这些发现表明，自杀是一个需要为美国印第安人解决的重要公共卫生问题。
