Rice Nancy, Messing Rita, Souther Larry, Berkowitz Zahava
Minnesota Department of Health, St Paul 55164, USA.
J Environ Health. 2005 Nov;68(4):14-8, 28.
For this article, records of the Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) system were reviewed to identify and describe acute, unplanned releases of agricultural chemicals and associated injuries related to aerial application during 1995-2002. Records of aerial-application accidents from the National Transportation Safety Board were also reviewed. Of the 54,090 events in the HSEES system for 1995-2002, 91 were identified as aerial-application events. The most commonly released substance was malathion. There were 56 victims; 12 died, and 34 required treatment at a hospital. A higher percentage of HSEES aerial-applicator events involved injury and death than did other HSEES transportation events. The relatively high number of injuries and fatalities underscores the need for precautions such as monitoring and limiting pilot cumulative exposures to pesticides, and using appropriate personal protective equipment and decontamination equipment. Emergency responders should be educated about the hazards associated with chemicals at aerial-application crash sites.
为撰写本文，对有害物质应急事件监测（HSEES）系统的记录进行了审查，以识别和描述1995年至2002年期间农用化学品的急性、意外释放以及与空中喷洒相关的伤害事件。还审查了国家运输安全委员会的空中喷洒事故记录。在HSEES系统1995年至2002年的54090起事件中，有91起被确定为空中喷洒事件。最常释放的物质是马拉硫磷。有56名受害者，其中12人死亡，34人需要住院治疗。与其他HSEES运输事件相比，HSEES空中喷洒事件中涉及受伤和死亡的比例更高。相对较高的伤亡人数凸显了采取预防措施的必要性，如监测和限制飞行员对农药的累积接触，以及使用适当的个人防护设备和去污设备。应向应急响应人员宣传空中喷洒坠机现场化学品的相关危害。
