Smith David R R, Patterson Roy D
Centre for Neural Basis of Hearing, Department of Physiology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2005 Nov;118(5):3177-86. doi: 10.1121/1.2047107.
Glottal-pulse rate (GPR) and vocal-tract length (VTL) are related to the size, sex, and age of the speaker but it is not clear how the two factors combine to influence our perception of speaker size, sex, and age. This paper describes experiments designed to measure the effect of the interaction of GPR and VTL upon judgements of speaker size, sex, and age. Vowels were scaled to represent people with a wide range of GPRs and VTLs, including many well beyond the normal range of the population, and listeners were asked to judge the size and sex/age of the speaker. The judgements of speaker size show that VTL has a strong influence upon perceived speaker size. The results for the sex and age categorization (man, woman, boy, or girl) show that, for vowels with GPR and VTL values in the normal range, judgements of speaker sex and age are influenced about equally by GPR and VTL. For vowels with abnormal combinations of low GPRs and short VTLs, the VTL information appears to decide the sex/age judgement.
声门脉冲率（GPR）和声道长度（VTL）与说话者的体型、性别和年龄有关，但尚不清楚这两个因素如何共同影响我们对说话者体型、性别和年龄的感知。本文描述了旨在测量GPR和VTL相互作用对说话者体型、性别和年龄判断影响的实验。元音被缩放以代表具有广泛GPR和VTL的人，包括许多超出正常人群范围的情况，并要求听众判断说话者的体型和性别/年龄。对说话者体型的判断表明，VTL对感知到的说话者体型有很大影响。性别和年龄分类（男性、女性、男孩或女孩）的结果表明，对于GPR和VTL值在正常范围内的元音，说话者性别的判断受GPR和VTL的影响大致相同。对于具有低GPR和短VTL异常组合的元音，VTL信息似乎决定了性别/年龄判断。
