Campos B, Chames M, Lantry J M, Bill J P, Eis A, Brockman D, Neil J, Tischner E, Barton J, Wong C, Schwemberger S, Cornelius J, Myatt L, Baeza I, Hnat M
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0526, USA.
Placenta. 2006 Feb-Mar;27(2-3):215-24. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2005.01.010.
Studies suggest that preeclampsia (PE) originates in the placenta and is associated with deficient trophoblast invasion of spiral arteries. The direct cause remains unknown, but preeclampsia is often associated with circulating factors that can induce generalized endothelial dysfunction. Antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) in circulation are also associated with vascular diseases. Although the quantification of APA is not currently used as a prognostic of the risk of PE, studies suggest that thrombophilias play a role in PE pathogenesis. In fact, the pathology of placentae from PE and Antiphospholipid syndrome patients is similar; atherosis, thrombosis and infarction, and endothelium activation represent the pathological mechanisms. We identified a new antibody which recognizes non-bilayer phospholipid arrangements (NPA) in membrane models and in cell membranes in vivo, and which triggered an autoimmune-like disease in mice. We evaluated the presence of NPA in the placentae and in sera, and whether NPA induced NPA antibodies in patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). Results showed increased levels of NPA in the syncytiotrophoblast, extravillous cytotrophoblast, syncytial knots and the amnion epithelial cell membranes of the placenta, as well as increases in NPA and NPA antibodies in sera from HDP patients, when compared with controls. This suggests that NPA derived from placenta could be one of multiple factors associated with pregnancy pathologies.
研究表明，子痫前期（PE）起源于胎盘，与滋养层对螺旋动脉的侵入不足有关。直接病因尚不清楚，但子痫前期通常与可导致全身性内皮功能障碍的循环因子有关。循环中的抗磷脂抗体（APA）也与血管疾病有关。虽然目前APA的定量未被用作子痫前期风险的预后指标，但研究表明血栓形成倾向在子痫前期的发病机制中起作用。事实上，子痫前期患者和抗磷脂综合征患者胎盘的病理表现相似；动脉粥样硬化、血栓形成和梗死以及内皮激活是其病理机制。我们鉴定出一种新抗体，它能识别膜模型和体内细胞膜中的非双层磷脂排列（NPA），并在小鼠中引发类似自身免疫性的疾病。我们评估了胎盘和血清中NPA的存在情况，以及NPA是否会在妊娠高血压疾病（HDP）患者中诱导产生NPA抗体。结果显示，与对照组相比，胎盘合体滋养层、绒毛外细胞滋养层、合体结节和羊膜上皮细胞膜中的NPA水平升高，HDP患者血清中的NPA和NPA抗体也有所增加。这表明源自胎盘的NPA可能是与妊娠病理相关的多种因素之一。
