Springer Sandra A, Altice Frederick L
Yale University School of Medicine, Yale AIDS Program, Section of Infectious Diseases, 135 College Street, Suite 323, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2005 Nov;2(4):165-70. doi: 10.1007/s11904-005-0011-9.
Approximately one quarter of people living with HIV/AIDS in the United States pass through the correctional system, resulting in a burden of infection on the correctional health care system that has challenged correctional and public health officials. The HIV epidemic behind bars results from the high prevalence of HIV risk behaviors among those incarcerated: illicit drug use, untreated mental illness, prostitution, homelessness, and poverty. Challenges to HIV care in correctional settings include management of comorbid conditions, remoteness from HIV care sites, organizational constraints, and access to effective therapies. Despite these challenges, prisoners with HIV have derived considerable benefit from HIV detection and treatment. In order to achieve parity in HIV outcomes among vulnerable populations, effective prison-release programs that incorporate effective case management with effective drug treatment and adherence strategies are required to extend the benefit of highly active antiretroviral therapy as prisoners transition back to community settings.
在美国，约四分之一的艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者曾进入惩教系统，给惩教医疗系统带来了感染负担，这对惩教和公共卫生官员构成了挑战。监狱中的艾滋病毒流行是由于被监禁者中艾滋病毒风险行为的高流行率所致：非法药物使用、未治疗的精神疾病、卖淫、无家可归和贫困。惩教环境中艾滋病毒护理面临的挑战包括合并症的管理、远离艾滋病毒护理场所、组织限制以及获得有效治疗。尽管存在这些挑战，但感染艾滋病毒的囚犯已从艾滋病毒检测和治疗中获得了相当大的益处。为了在弱势群体中实现艾滋病毒治疗效果的平等，需要有效的出狱计划，将有效的病例管理与有效的药物治疗和依从性策略相结合，以便在囚犯过渡回社区环境时扩大高效抗逆转录病毒疗法的益处。
