Ansart Séverine, Perez Lucia, Vergely Olivier, Danis Martin, Bricaire François, Caumes Eric
Départment des maladies infecteuses et tropicales, de Parasitologie, Hopital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France.
J Travel Med. 2005 Nov-Dec;12(6):312-8. doi: 10.2310/7060.2005.12603.
Although between 8 and 19% of travelers consult a doctor after returning from the tropics, the full spectrum of health complaints is unknown.
We analyzed the relative frequency of travel-associated health complaints in all travelers (immigrants returning from visiting their home countries, expatriates, business travelers, and tourists) consulting our department between November 2002 and May 2003.
A total of 622 patients were studied (256 women, 366 men; median age 38 yr; 45.3% tourists, 33.8% immigrants, 14.1% expatriates, 6.7% business travelers). The median duration of travel was 36.9 days. The main destinations were Africa (57.6%) and Asia (26.4%). A total of 637 diseases were diagnosed, distributed as follows: skin diseases (23.4%), gastrointestinal infections (19.1%), respiratory tract infections (11.5%), malaria (8.8%), schistosomiasis (7.2%), viral hepatitis (4.1%), urinary tract infections (3.5%), sexually transmitted infections (3.5%), tuberculosis (2.7%), dengue fever (2.5%), and others (13.8%). Malaria and intestinal tract infections accounted for 21% and 23% of diagnoses in the 257 febrile travelers, respectively. Overall, 230 diagnoses (36.1%) corresponded to imported tropical diseases, the main imported diseases being malaria, schistosomiasis, amebiasis, gastrointestinal disorders caused by intestinal nematodes, and dengue fever.
Tropical diseases are not the leading cause of consultation in travelers returning from the tropics. Immigrants are the travelers most at risk of common tropical diseases, with the noteworthy exceptions of dengue fever and invasive schistosomiasis.
尽管8%至19%的旅行者从热带地区返回后会咨询医生，但健康问题的全貌尚不清楚。
我们分析了2002年11月至2003年5月期间到我们科室咨询的所有旅行者（从家乡回国的移民、侨民、商务旅行者和游客）中与旅行相关的健康问题的相对频率。
共研究了622例患者（256名女性，366名男性；中位年龄38岁；45.3%为游客，33.8%为移民，14.1%为侨民，6.7%为商务旅行者）。旅行的中位时长为36.9天。主要目的地是非洲（57.6%）和亚洲（26.4%）。共诊断出637种疾病，分布如下：皮肤病（23.4%）、胃肠道感染（19.1%）、呼吸道感染（11.5%）、疟疾（8.8%）、血吸虫病（7.2%）、病毒性肝炎（4.1%）、尿路感染（3.5%）、性传播感染（3.5%）、结核病（2.7%）、登革热（2.5%）以及其他（13.8%）。疟疾和肠道感染分别占257例发热旅行者诊断病例的21%和23%。总体而言，230例诊断（36.1%）对应输入性热带疾病，主要的输入性疾病为疟疾、血吸虫病、阿米巴病、肠道线虫引起的胃肠道疾病以及登革热。
热带疾病并非从热带地区返回的旅行者咨询的主要原因。移民是最易感染常见热带疾病的旅行者群体，但登革热和侵袭性血吸虫病是明显的例外。
