Aldana Steven G, Greenlaw Roger L, Diehl Hans A, Salberg Audrey, Merrill Ray M, Ohmine Seiga, Thomas Camille
274 SFH, College of Health and Human Performance, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602-2214, USA.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2006 Jan;3(1):A05. Epub 2005 Dec 15.
Chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and diabetes are responsible for most deaths in the United States. Lifestyle factors--poor nutrition, sedentary living, and tobacco use--appear to play a prominent role in the development of many chronic diseases. This study determined the behavioral and clinical impact of a therapeutic lifestyle-modification intervention on a group of community volunteers.
Participants included 348 volunteers aged 24 to 81 years from the Rockford, Ill, metropolitan area who participated in a randomized clinical trial. The intervention group attended a 40-hour educational course delivered as lectures during a 4-week period. Participants learned the importance of making better lifestyle choices and how to make improvements in nutrition and physical activity. Changes in nutrition, physical activity behavior, and several chronic disease risk factors were assessed at baseline and 6 months.
Intervention participants showed significant 6-month improvement in all nutrition and physical activity measures except calories from protein and whole-grain servings and all clinical measures except blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were worse after 6 months in both groups but only significantly worse in the control group. The control group experienced small but significant improvements in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and high-density lipoproteins. Change-score comparisons between the intervention and control groups were significant for all nutrition and physical activity variables except total steps per week and daily sodium intake and were also significant for the clinical measures of weight, body fat, and body mass index.
This therapeutic lifestyle-modification program can significantly improve nutrition and physical activity behavior and can reduce many of the risk factors associated with common chronic diseases.
癌症、心血管疾病、中风和糖尿病等慢性病是美国大多数死亡的原因。生活方式因素——营养不佳、久坐不动和吸烟——似乎在许多慢性病的发展中起着重要作用。本研究确定了治疗性生活方式改变干预对一组社区志愿者的行为和临床影响。
参与者包括来自伊利诺伊州罗克福德大都市地区的348名年龄在24至81岁之间的志愿者，他们参与了一项随机临床试验。干预组参加了一个为期4周、时长40小时的教育课程，以讲座形式进行。参与者了解了做出更好生活方式选择的重要性以及如何改善营养和身体活动。在基线和6个月时评估营养、身体活动行为以及几种慢性病风险因素的变化。
干预组在所有营养和身体活动指标上均有显著改善，但蛋白质热量和全谷物份数除外；在所有临床指标上也有改善，但血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯和高敏C反应蛋白除外。两组在6个月后总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇均有所恶化，但仅对照组显著恶化。对照组在收缩压和舒张压以及高密度脂蛋白方面有小幅但显著的改善。干预组与对照组之间的变化得分比较在所有营养和身体活动变量上均有显著差异，但每周总步数和每日钠摄入量除外，在体重、体脂和体重指数的临床指标上也有显著差异。
这种治疗性生活方式改变计划可以显著改善营养和身体活动行为，并可以降低许多与常见慢性病相关的风险因素。
